Church of Alexandria

Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa
Founder(s)	Apostle Mark
Autocephaly/Autonomy declared	Traditional
Autocephaly/Autonomy recognized	Traditional
Current primate	Pope Theodoros II
Headquarters	Alexandria, Egypt
Primary territory	Africa
Possessions abroad	none
Liturgical language(s)	Greek, Arab, French, English, local languages
Musical tradition	Byzantine Chant
Calendar	Revised Julian
Population estimate	250,000
Official website	Church of Alexandria

The Church of Alexandria is one of the autocephalous Orthodox Churches. Its primate is the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa, the successor to the Apostle Mark the Evangelist, who founded the Church of Alexandria in the 1st century. It is one of the five ancient patriarchates of the early Church, called the Pentarchy.

History

When Alexander the Great conquered Egypt about 332-331 BC he established the city of Alexandria, named after him, from which his Greek-speaking successors, the Ptolemy dynasty, ruled Egypt. Alexandria also had many Greek-speaking Jewish inhabitants, and it was here that the Old Testament scriptures were translated into Greek, the Septuagint version. During the first century BC the city, and Egypt generally passed under Roman rule.

St Mark, a disciple of St Peter evangelised Egypt in the middle of the first century. He probably arrived about AD 40, and met a martyr's death around AD 63. Little is known of the early history of the Church in Alexandria and Egypt, beyond a bare list of names of bishops. By the end of the second century, however, the church had begun to spread among the indigenous population, and the Scriptures and Liturgical texts were being translated into local languages.

Since the schism occurring as a result of the political and Christological controversies at the Council of Chalcedon (451 A.D.), the portion of the Church of Alexandria loyal to Chalcedonian Christology has liturgically been Greek-speaking, the majority of its native (i.e., Coptic) population and their modern descendents becoming a part of the Coptic Orthodox Church (i.e., non-Chalcedonian).

The Church today

In recent years, a considerable missionary effort was enacted by Pope Petros VII. During his seven years as patriarch (1997-2004), he worked tirelessly to spread the Orthodox Faith in Arab nations and throughout Africa, raising up native clergy and encouraging the use of local languages in the liturgical life of the Church. Missions spread and thrived in Kenya, Uganda, Madagascar, Cameroon, and elsewhere across the African continent.

Particularly sensitive to the nature of Christian expansion into Muslim countries, His Beatitude worked to promote mutual understanding and respect between Orthodox Christians and Muslims. His efforts were ended as the result of a helicopter crash on September 11, 2004, in the Aegean Sea near Greece, killing him and several other clergy, including Bishop Nektarios of Madagascar, another bishop with a profound missionary vision.

Today, some 300,000 Orthodox Christians comprise the Patriarchate of Alexandria, the highest number since the Roman Empire. The current primate of the Church of Alexandria is His Beatitude Theodoros II, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa.

The Episcopacy

The Holy Synod

• His Beatitude Theodoros II, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa
• His Eminence Makarios (Tillyrides), Metropolitan of Nairobi and Kenya
• His Eminence Seraphim (Kykkotis), Metropolitan of Zimbabwe-Angola and Southern Africa
• His Eminence Alexandros (Gianniris), Metropolitan of Nigeria and the Gulf of Guinea
• His Eminence Theophylaktos (Tzoumerkas), Metropolitan of Tripoli and Lybia
• His Eminence Sergios (Kykkotis), Metropolitan of Good Hope and All Natal and Dependencies
• His Eminence Ieronymos (Muzeeyi), Metropolitan of Mwanza and Western Tanzania
• His Eminence George (Vladimirou), Metropolitan of Guinea and the African Coast
• His Eminence Nicholas II (Antoniou), Metropolitan of Hermopolis and Egypt Primum
• His Eminence Dimitrios (Zaharengas), Metropolitan of Irinoupolis and Eastern Tanzania and Seychelles
• His Eminence Damaskinos (Papandreou), Metropolitan of Johannesburg-Pretoria and All South Africa
• His Eminence Ignatios (Sennis), Metropolitan of Antananarivo-Northern Madagascar and Indian Islands
• His Eminence Emmanuel (Kiagias), Metropolitan of Ptolemais and Upper Egypt
• His Eminence Gregory (Stergiou), Metropolitan of Cameroon and Central Africa
• His Eminence Gabriel (Raftopoulos), Metropolitan of Leontopolis and Augustamnica Secunda and the Red Sea
• His Eminence Nikodemos II (Priangelos), Metropolitan of Memphis and Egypt
• His Eminence Meletios (Kamiloudes), Metropolitan of Katanga and Mainland Africa
• His Eminence Gennadios (Stantzios), Metropolitan of Botswana and the Kalahari
• His Eminence Savvas (Heimonetos), Metropolitan of Nubia and All Sudan and Eritrea
• His Eminence Ioannis (Tsaftaridis), Metropolitan of Zambia and Middle Africa
• His Eminence Panteleimon (Arathymos), Metropolitan of Brazzaville-Gabon and Atlantic Africa
• His Eminence Innocent (Byakatonda), Metropolitan of Burundi-Rwanda and Inner Africa
• His Eminence Meletios (Koumanis), Metropolitan of Carthage and North Africa
• His Eminence Daniel (Biazis), Metropolitan of Aksum and All Ethiopia
• His Eminence Theodosios (Tsitsivos), Metropolitan of Kananga and Equatorial Africa
• His Eminence Petros II (Parginos), Metropolitan of Accra and West Africa

Auxiliary Metropolitans

• His Eminence Athanasios (Kykkotis), Metropolitan of Cyrene and the Libyan Sea
• His Eminence Theodoros (Dimitriou), Metropolitan of Heliopolis and Middle Egypt
• His Eminence Narkissos (Gammoh), Metropolitan of Naucratis and the Egyptian Nile

Diocesan Bishops

• His Grace Neophytos (Kongai), Bishop of Nyeri-Mount Kenya
• His Grace Agathonikos (Nikolaidis), Bishop of Arusha-Central Tanzania
• His Grace Sylvestros (Kisitu), Bishop of Gulu-Eastern Uganda
• His Grace Photios (Hatziantoniou), Bishop of Malawi
• His Grace Prodromos (Katsoulis), Bishop of Toliara-Southern Madagascar
• His Grace Markos (Theodosis), Bishop of Kisumu-Western Kenya

Titular Metropolitans

• His Excellency Porphyrios (Skikos), Metropolitan of Thebes

Titular Bishops

• His Grace Nicholas (Boulaxis), Bishop of Nitria
• His Grace Theodoros (Dridakis), Bishop of Babylon
• His Grace Germanos (Galanis), Bishop of Damietta

Retired Bishops

• His Eminence Panteleimon (Lampadarios), Metropolitan of Antinoe
• His Eminence Proterios (Pavlopoulos), Metropolitan of Diospolis
• His Grace Vasilios (Varvelis), Bishop of Arsinoe

Holy Metropolises and Bishoprics

Bishopric	Established	See	Jurisdiction
Metropolis of Carthage	1st c.	Tunis	Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco, Western Sahara
Metropolis of Memphis	4th c.	Cairo	Egypt (Cairo)
Metropolis of Pelusium	4th c.	Port Said	Egypt (Port Said, Dakahlia, Damietta)
Metropolis of Leontopolis	4th c.	Ismailia	Egypt (Ismailia, Sharqia, Suez)
Metropolis of Aksum	4th c.	Addis-Abeba	Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia
Metropolis of Tripoli	1866	Tripoli	Libya
Metropolis of Ptolemais	1908	Minya	Egypt (Giza, Minya, Sohag, Asyut, Faiyum, Qena, Beni Suef, Aswan, Luxor, Red Sea, New Valley)
Metropolis of Nubia	1908	Khartoum	Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea
Metropolis of Hermopolis	1927	Tanta	Egypt (Arab-speaking communities)
Metropolis of Johannesburg	1927	Johannesburg	South Africa (Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West)
Metropolis of Nairobi	1958	Nairobi	Kenya
Metropolis of Kinshasa	1958	Kinshasa	Congo (Kinshasa, North Kivu, South Kivu, Congo Central, Kwilu, Ituri, South Ubangi, Tshopo, Maniema, Kwango, Upper Uele, Mongala, Mai-Ndombe, Equator, North Ubangi, Tshuapa, Lower Uele)
Metropolis of Cameroon	1959	Yaounde	Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Saint Thomas and Prince
Metropolis of Zimbabwe	1964	Harare	Zimbabwe, Angola, Mozambique
Metropolis of Good Hope	1968	Cape Town	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Free State, Northern Cape), Namibia, Eswatini, Lesotho, Saint Helen, Ascension, Tristan da Cunha
Metropolis of Mwanza	1992	Mwanza	Tanzania (Mwanza, Mbeya, Kagera, Tabora, Morogoro, Kigoma, Dodoma, Mara, Geita, Arusha, Kilimanjaro, Simiyu, Shinyanga, Manyara, Ruvuma, Singida, Rukwa, Iringa, Njombe, Katavi, Songwe)
Metropolis of Kampala	1994	Kampala	Uganda
Metropolis of Accra	1997	Accra	Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mali, Burkina Faso
Metropolis of Antananarivo	1997	Antananarivo	Madagascar, Mayotte, The Comoros, The Mascarenes, Scattered Islands
Metropolis of Nigeria	1997	Lagos	Nigeria, Niger, Benin, Togo
Metropolis of Irinoupolis	1999	Dar es-Salaam	Tanzania (Dar es-Salaam, Tanga, Mtwara, Pwani, Lindi, West Zanzibar, North Pemba, South Pemba, North Zanzibar, South Zanzibar), Seychelles
Metropolis of Zambia	2001	Lusaka	Zambia, Malawi
Metropolis of Katanga	2006	Lubumbashi	Congo (Upper Katanga, Tanganyika, Upper Lomami, Lualaba)
Diocese of Mozambique	2006	Maputo	Mozambique
Metropolis of Burundi	2009	Bujumbura	Burundi, Rwanda
Metropolis of Botswana	2010	Gabarone	Botswana
Metropolis of Brazzaville	2010	Brazzaville	Congo (Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, Buenza, Mpumbu, Niadi, Plateau, Kuvete, Likuala, Lekumu, Kwilu, Sangha, West Kuvete), Gabon
Metropolis of Guinea	2010	Conakry	Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea Bissau, Gambia, Senegal, Cape Verde
Diocese of Kisumu	2015	Kisumu	Kenya (Kisumu, Kakamega, Bungoma, Kisii, Homa Bay, Migori, Siaya, Busia, Nyamira, Vihiga)
Diocese of Nyeri	2015	Nyeri	Kenya (Nyeri, Kiambu, Muranga, Nyandarua, Kirinyaga)
Diocese of Arusha	2016	Arusha	Tanzania (Arusha, Morogoro, Dodoma, Kilimanjaro, Manyara, Singida, Iringa)
Metropolis of Kananga	2018	Kananga	Congo (Kasai, Central Kasai, Eastern Kasai, Lomami, Sankuru)
Diocese of Goma	2018	Goma	Congo (North Kivu, South Kivu, Maniema)
Diocese of Gulu	2018	Gulu	Uganda (Eastern, Northern)
Diocese of Kisangani	2018	Kisangani	Congo (Tshopo, Ituri, Upper Uele, Lower Uele)
Diocese of Malawi	2018	Malawi	Malawi
Diocese of Toliara	2018	Toliara	Madagascar (Atsimo-Andrefana, Upper Matsiatra, Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Atsimo-Atsinanana, Androy, Amoroni Mania, Anosy, Menabe, Ihorombe)
Diocese of Bukoba	2019	Bukoba	Tanzania (Kagera)
Diocese of Eldoret	2019	Eldoret	Kenya (Uasin Gishu)

See also

• Orthodoxy in Africa
• List of Patriarchs of Alexandria

External links

• The Patriarchate of Alexandria (Official site)
• Previous Patriarchs
• History of the Patriarchate

Sources

• Patriarchate of Alexandria website - Archdioceses
• Patriarchate of Alexandria website - Dioceses
• Eastern Christian Churches: Patriarchate of Alexandria by Ronald Roberson, a Roman Catholic priest and scholar
• The Patriarchate of Alexandria in 2021 by Markos Markos