Church of Alexandria

The Church of Alexandria is one of the autocephalous Orthodox Churches. Its primate is the Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa, the successor to the Apostle Mark the Evangelist, who founded the Church of Alexandria in the 1st century. It is one of the five ancient patriarchates of the early Church, called the Pentarchy.

Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa
Founder(s)	Apostle Mark
Autocephaly/Autonomy declared	Traditional
Autocephaly/Autonomy recognized	Traditional
Current primate	Pope Theodoros II
Headquarters	Alexandria, Egypt
Primary territory	Egypt and Africa
Possessions abroad	?
Liturgical language(s)	Greek, Swahili, English, local languages
Musical tradition	Byzantine Chant
Calendar	Revised Julian
Population estimate	250,000
Official website	Church of Alexandria

History

When Alexander the Great conquered Egypt about 332-331 BC he established the city of Alexandria, named after him, from which his Greek-speaking successors, the Ptolemy dynasty, ruled Egypt. Alexandria also had many Greek-speaking Jewish inhabitants, and it was here that the Old Testament scriptures were translated into Greek, the Septuagint version. During the first century BC the city, and Egypt generally passed under Roman rule.

St Mark, a disciple of St Peter evangelised Egypt in the middle of the first century. He probably arrived about AD 40, and met a martyr's death around AD 63. Little is known of the early history of the Church in Alexandria and Egypt, beyond a bare list of names of bishops. By the end of the second century, however, the church had begun to spread among the indigenous population, and the Scriptures and Liturgical texts were being translated into local languages.

Since the schism occurring as a result of the political and Christological controversies at the Council of Chalcedon (451 A.D.), the portion of the Church of Alexandria loyal to Chalcedonian Christology has liturgically been Greek-speaking, the majority of its native (i.e., Coptic) population and their modern descendents becoming a part of the Coptic Orthodox Church (i.e., non-Chalcedonian).

The Church today

In recent years, a considerable missionary effort was enacted by Pope Petros VII. During his seven years as patriarch (1997-2004), he worked tirelessly to spread the Orthodox Christian faith in Arab nations and throughout Africa, raising up native clergy and encouraging the use of local languages in the liturgical life of the Church. Missions spread and thrived in Kenya, Uganda, Madagascar, Cameroon, and elsewhere across the African continent.

Particularly sensitive to the nature of Christian expansion into Muslim countries, His Beatitude worked to promote mutual understanding and respect between Orthodox Christians and Muslims. His efforts were ended as the result of a helicopter crash on September 11, 2004, in the Aegean Sea near Greece, killing him and several other clergy, including Bishop Nektarios of Madagascar, another bishop with a profound missionary vision.

Today, some 300,000 Orthodox Christians comprise the Patriarchate of Alexandria, the highest number since the Roman Empire. The current primate of the Church of Alexandria is His Beatitude Theodoros II, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa.

The Episcopacy

The Holy Synod

• His Beatitude Theodoros II, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa
• His Eminence Makarios (Tillyrides), Archbishop of Nairobi and All Kenya
• His Eminence Jonah (Lwanga), Archbishop of Kampala and All Uganda
• His Eminence Seraphim (Kykkotis), Archbishop of Zimbabwe and Angola and Southern Africa
• His Eminence Alexander (Gianniris), Archbishop of Nigeria and the Gulf of Guinea
• His Eminence Theophylaktos (Tzoumerkas), Archbishop of Tripoli and All Lybia
• His Eminence Sergios (Kykkotis), Archbishop of the Cape of Good Hope and Natal and Dependencies
• His Eminence Ieronymos (Muzeeyi), Archbishop of Mwanza and Western Tanzania
• His Eminence George (Vladimirou), Archbishop of Guinea and the African Coast
• His Eminence Nicholas II (Antoniou), Archbishop of Hermopolis and Egypt Primum
• His Eminence Dimitrios (Zaharengas), Archbishop of Irinoupolis and Eastern Tanzania and Seychelles
• His Eminence Damaskinos (Papandreou), Archbishop of Johannesburg and Pretoria and South Africa
• His Eminence Ignatios (Sennis), Archbishop of Antananarivo and Northern Madagascar and Indian Islands
• His Eminence Emmanuel (Kiagias), Archbishop of Ptolemais and Upper Egypt
• His Eminence Gregory (Stergiou), Archbishop of Cameroon and Central Africa
• His Eminence Gabriel (Raftopoulos), Archbishop of Leontopolis and Augustamnica Secunda and the Red Sea
• His Eminence Nikodemos II (Priangelos), Archbishop of Memphis and All Egypt
• His Eminence Meletios (Kamiloudes), Archbishop of Katanga and Mainland Africa
• His Eminence Gennadios (Stantzios), Archbishop of Botswana and All the Kalahari
• His Eminence Savvas (Heimonetos), Archbishop of Nubia and Sudan and Eritrea
• His Eminence Ioannis (Tsaftaridis), Archbishop of Zambia and Middle Africa
• His Eminence Nikiforos (Mikragiannanitis), Archbishop of Kinshasa and Central Africa
• His Eminence Panteleimon (Arathymos), Archbishop of Brazzaville and Gabon and Atlantic Africa
• His Eminence Innocent (Byakatonda), Archbishop of Burundi and Rwanda and Inner Africa
• His Eminence Meletios (Koumanis), Archbishop of Carthage and North Africa
• His Eminence Daniel (Biazis), Archbishop of Aksum and All Ethiopia
• His Eminence Theodosios (Tsitsivos), Archbishop of Kananga and Equatorial Africa
• His Eminence Petros II (Parginos), Archbishop of Accra and West Africa

Auxiliary Archbishops

• His Eminence Athanasios (Kykkotis), Archbishop of Cyrene and the Libyan Sea
• His Eminence Theodoros (Dimitriou), Archbishop of Heliopolis and Middle Egypt
• His Eminence Narcissus (Gamo), Archbishop of Naucratis and the Egyptian Nile

Diocesan Bishops

• His Grace Chrysotomos (Karagounis), Bishop of Mozambique
• His Grace Neophytos (Kongai), Bishop of Nyeri and Mount Kenya
• His Grace Agathonikos (Nikolaidis), Bishop of Arusha and Central Tanzania
• His Grace Sylvestros (Kisitu), Bishop of Gulu and Eastern Uganda
• His Grace Photios (Hatziantoniou), Bishop of Malawi
• His Grace Prodromos (Katsoulis), Bishop of Toliara and Southern Madagascar
• His Grace Markos (Theodosis), Bishop of Kisumu and West Kenya

Titular Archbishops

• His Excellency Porphyrios (Skikos), Archbishop of Thebes

Titular Bishops

• His Grace Nicholas (Boulaxis), Bishop of Nitria
• His Grace Theodoros (Didrakis), Bishop of Babylonia
• His Grace Germanos (Galanis), Bishop of Damietta

Retired Bishops

• His Eminence Panteleimon (Lampadarios), Archbishop of Antinoe
• His Eminence Proterios (Pavlopoulos), Archbishop of Diospolis
• His Grace Vasilios (Varvelis), Bishop of Arsinoe

Holy Archdioceses and Bishoprics

Archdiocese	Established	See	Jurisdiction
Archdiocese of Memphis	??	Heliopolis, Cairo - Egypt
Archdiocese of Leontopolis	??	Ismailia - Egypt	Ismailia, Suez, Zagzik
Archdiocese of Pilousion	??	Port Said - Egypt	Port Said, Mansoura, Damiette, Kantara
Archdiocese of Ptolemais	??	Minia - Egypt	Upper Egypt, Luxor, Aswan, Minia, Fayum, Asiut, Beni Suef
Archdiocese of Ermoupolis	??	Tanta – Egypt
Archdiocese of Tripolis	1866, 1959, 2004	Tripoli - Libya	'Libya'
Archdiocese of Carthage	1931	Tunis - Tunisia	Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco
Archdiocese of Cyrene	2009		Marsa Matrouh in Egypt
Archdiocese of Khartoum	??	Khartoum - Sudan	Sudan
Archdiocese of Aksum	??	Addis-Abeba - Ethiopia	Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia
Archdiocese of Kenya	??	Nairobi - Kenya	Kenya
Archdiocese of Kampala and All Uganda	1959	Kampala - Uganda	Uganda
Archdiocese of Accra	1997, 2009	Accra - Ghana	Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Gambia
Archdiocese of Nigeria	1997, 2004	Lagos - Nigeria	Nigeria, Niger, Benin, Togo
Archdiocese of Cameroon	??	Yaounde - Cameroon	Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Islands of St Thomas and Principe
Archdiocese of Central Africa	??	Kinshasa - Democratic Republic of Congo	Democratic Republic of Congo, Congo-Brazaville (Republic of the Congo)
Diocese of Katanga	2006, 2009	Lubumbasi - Congo	Katanga Province in the Congo
Diocese of Burundi and Rwanda	2009	Bujumbura in Burundi	Burundi, Rwanda, a great area of the Eastern Congo
Archdiocese of Mwanza	??	Bukoba - Tanzania	Tanzania
Archdiocese of Irinoupolis	1959	Dar-es-Salaam - Tanzania	Tanzania, Seychelle Islands
Archdiocese of Zambia	2001, 2009	Lusaka - Zambia	Zambia, Malawi
Archdiocese of Zimbabwe	??	Harare - Zimbabwe	Zimbabwe, Angola, Malawi, Botswana
Archdiocese of Johannesburg and Pretoria	1927	Johannesburg - South Africa	(The areas from East Africa, the Equator down to the Cape of Good Hope)
Archdiocese of the Cape of Good Hope	1968	Cape Town - South Africa	Namibia, Swaziland, Lesotho, and the following areas of the Cape (West and East): Port Elizabeth, East London, Bloemfontein, Welkom, George, Knysna, Kimberley, Pietermaritzburg, all Natal
Diocese of Mozambique	2006	Maputo - Mozambique	Mozambique
Diocese of Madagascar	1997	Antananarivo - Madagascar	Madagascar, Islands of Mauritius, Reunion, Comores, Maillot
Diocese of Brazzaville and Gabon	2010	Brazzaville	Congo, Brazzaville, Gabon

See also

• Orthodoxy in Africa
• List of Patriarchs of Alexandria

External links

• The Patriarchate of Alexandria (Official site)
• Previous Patriarchs
• History of the Patriarchate

Sources

• Patriarchate of Alexandria website - Archdioceses
• Patriarchate of Alexandria website - Dioceses
• Eastern Christian Churches: Patriarchate of Alexandria by Ronald Roberson, a Roman Catholic priest and scholar
• The Patriarchate of Alexandria in 2021 by Markos Markos