Church of Greece

Church of Greece
Founder(s)	Apostles
Autocephaly/Autonomy declared	1833
Autocephaly/Autonomy recognized	1850 by Constantinople
Current primate	Ieronymos II
Headquarters	Athens, Greece
Primary territory	Greece
Possessions abroad	—
Liturgical language(s)	Greek
Musical tradition	Byzantine Chant / Choral
Calendar	Revised Julian
Population estimate	10,000,000 [1]
Official website	Church of Greece

The Church of Greece, also called the Greek Orthodox Church, is one of the most important of the fourteen autocephalous churches of the Orthodox Christian communion, whose territory consists of the whole of Greece except for those parts which belong to the Patriarchate of Constantinople, such as the Dodecanese and Crete. Though bishops of the "new lands" (those that were liberated from 1912 and afterwards) are members of the Holy Synod of the Church of Greece, they refer to the Patriarch of Constantinople in the divine services.

The current primate of the Church of Greece is His Beatitude 2008, Ieronymos II (Liapis), Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.

History

See Main Article: <small/> Timeline of Orthodoxy in Greece

During the Byzantine Empire and the subsequent Turkish occupation of Greece, the Christian church in Greece was under the administration of the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople. After the Greek War of Independence (1821-32), the provisional president of Greece Ioannis Kapodistrias(1776-1831), began negotiations with the patriarch for the independence of the Greek church. The final decision was made when Otto I(1815-1867), the new king of Greece, feared the Turkish government might still be able to influence the politics of Greece through the patriarchate of Constantinople and as such the Greek church was declared autocephalous in 1833. The independence was formalised by Constantinople in 1850, with some limitations specified in the "Tomos".

Hierarchy of the Church of Greece

The Church of Greece is organised as a state church, similar to the pattern adopted in the Russian church under Peter the Great of Russia. The ultimate authority is vested in the Synod of Bishops under the presidency of the archbishop of Athens and all Greece. A second synod, with the same presidency, consists of 12 bishops, each serving for one year only. The first synnod deals with general ecclesiastical questions, whereas the second synod deals with administrative details. The church is divided into 81 small dioceses; some of these, are nominally under the jurisdiction of Constantinople. The majority of the church's priests in Greece do not have a university education, with very little formal training beyond two years at higher seminaries after high school. An up-to-date listing, in order of seniority of ordination, of the Holy Synod can be accessed at the Church of Greece's official website.

Structure of the Church of Greece

Archdiocese of Athens, see also List of Archbishops of Athens

Metropolis of Aitolia and Akarnania Metropolis of Alexandroupolis, Traianoupolis and Samothrace Metropolis of Argolida Metropolis of Arta Metropolis of Attica Metropolis of Glyfada Metropolis of Gortyna and Megalopolis Metropolis of Goumenissa, Axioupolis and Polykastron [Metropolis of Grevena]] Metropolis of Gytheion and Oetylos Metropolis of Hydra, Spetses and Aegina Metropolis of Ierissos, Agion Oros and Ardamerion Metropolis of Ioannina Metropolis of Kaisariani, Vyrona and Imittos Metropolis of Kalavryta and Aigialia Metropolis of Karpenision Metropolis of Karystia and Skyros Metropolis of Kassandreia Metropolis of Kastoria Metropolis of Kefalonia Metropolis of Kitros, Katerini and Platamona Metropolis of Korinthos

Metropolis of Kythira Metropolis of Lagkada Metropolis of Larisa and Tyrnavos Metropolis of Lefkas and Ithaca Metropolis of Lemnos Metropolis of Mantinia and Kynouria Metropolis of Maroneia and Komotini Metropolis of Megara and Salamis Metropolis of Mesogea and Lavreotiki Metropolis of Messinia Metropolis of Mithimna Metropolis of Monemvasia and Sparta Metropolis of Mytilene Metropolis of Nafpaktos Metropolis of Neapolis and Stavroupolis Metropolis of Nea Ionia and Philadelphia Metropolis of Nea Krini and Kalamaria Metropolis of Nea Smyrni Metropolis of Nicaea Metropolis of Nikopolis and Preveza Metropolis of Paramythia Metropolis of Paronaxia

Metropolis of Patra Metropolis of Peiraeus Metropolis of Peristeri Metropolis of Polyani and Kilkis Metropolis of Samos and Ikaria Metropolis of Servia and Kozani Metropolis of Serres and Nigrita Metropolis of Sidirokastron Metropolis of Sisanio and Siatista Metropolis of Stages and Meteora Metropolis of Syros, Tinos, Andros, Kea, and Melos Metropolis of Thessaliotis and Fanariofersala Metropolis of Thessaloniki Metropolis of Theva and Levadeia Metropolis of Thera, Amorgos and Islands Metropolis of Trifylia and Olympia Metropolis of Trikala and Stages Metropolis of Veria and Naousa Metropolis of Xanthi Metropolis of Zakynthos and Strofades Metropolis of Zihni and Nevrokopio

Greek saints

See Main Article: Category:Greek Saints

Over the centuries, the Church of Greece has been associated with many saints on the Church's calendar. Some of these include:

Andrew of Crete Demetrios of Thessaloniki Gregory Palamas Irene Chrysovalantou

Kosmas Aitolos Nectarios of Aegina Nicholas (Planas)

Nicodemus of the Holy Mountain Phanourios of Rhodes Raphael, Nicholas and Irene

Ecclesiastical organisations under the Holy Synod

• Apostolic Ministration (Apostoliki Diakonia)
• Communication and Cultural Service
• Inter-Orthodox Centre
• Foundation of Byzantine Musicology
• Welfare Fund of Parish Clergy

Synodical Committees

The Holy Synod is organised into two key synodical committee areas. The first area is broken into committee groups that deal with standard issues such as:

1. Ecclesiastical art, music and christian monuments;
2. Divine worship and pastoral work;
3. Doctrinal and nomocanonical matters;
4. Monastic life;
5. Christian education and youth;
6. Inter-orthodox and christian relations;
7. Ecclesiastical education and training of parish clergy;
8. Press, public relations and enlightenment;
9. Heresesies;
10. Social welfare and chariry;
11. Finance

Special synodical committee groups deal with issues such as:

1. Women's issues;
2. Monitoring European affairs;
3. Bioethics;
4. Academy of Ecclesiastical arts;
5. Human rights;
6. Marriage, family, child protection and demographic issues;
7. pastoral matters and situations;
8. Divine and secular dispensation and ecology;
9. Liturgical rebirth;
10. Cultural identity;
11. Study of ancient cults and new paganism;
12. Pilgrim and religious tours.

Source

• Church of Greece website

External links

• The Church of Greece, official website
• Representation of the Church of Greece to the European Union, official website
• Eastern Christian Churches: The Orthodox Church of Greece by Ronald Roberson, a Roman Catholic priest and scholar