Difference between revisions of "Eastern Catholic Churches"
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+ | The '''Eastern Catholic Churches''' Churches are churches that follow the ancient liturgical traditions of the East, while being in [[full communion]] with the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and placing themselves under the authority of the [[Pope|Bishop of Rome]]. | ||
− | + | Some of these churches, like the [[Orthodox Church]], follow the Byzantine tradition, while others follow other liturgical traditions. The history of each Eastern Rite Catholic church is unique, some having sided with Rome at the time of the [[Great Schism]] and some being joined to Rome after that time. | |
− | + | They are sometimes referred to as '''Uniates''', a term which many Eastern Catholics reject as derogatory, although it was historically used by both Eastern Catholics and the Latin hierarchy, as well. | |
− | ===Byzantine Rite (also '''Greek Catholic''') | + | Many of these churches have a direct non-Catholic (usually [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] or [[Oriental Orthodox|Oriental]]) counterpart. Others exist only within the Catholic Communion as they were either entirely received into communion with the Roman See or never left that communion. |
+ | |||
+ | ==List of Eastern Catholic Churches== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Byzantine Rite (also '''Greek Catholic''') Churches=== | ||
*Albanian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy) | *Albanian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy) | ||
Line 16: | Line 21: | ||
*Hungarian Catholic Church | *Hungarian Catholic Church | ||
*Italo-Albanian Catholic Church | *Italo-Albanian Catholic Church | ||
− | *Melkite Greek Catholic Church | + | *[[Melkite]] Greek Catholic Church |
*Romanian Catholic Church | *Romanian Catholic Church | ||
*Russian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy) | *Russian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy) | ||
*Slovak Catholic Church | *Slovak Catholic Church | ||
− | *Ukrainian Catholic Church | + | *[http://www.ugcc.org.ua/ Ukrainian (Greek) Catholic Church] official website (English, Ukrainian, Russian) |
===Non-Byzantine Eastern Rite Catholic Churches=== | ===Non-Byzantine Eastern Rite Catholic Churches=== | ||
Line 26: | Line 31: | ||
*Armenian Catholic Church | *Armenian Catholic Church | ||
*Chaldean Catholic Church | *Chaldean Catholic Church | ||
− | *Coptic Catholic Church | + | *Coptic Catholic Church ([http://coptcatholic.org/ official Web site]) |
*Ethiopian Catholic Church | *Ethiopian Catholic Church | ||
*Maronite Catholic Church | *Maronite Catholic Church | ||
*Syrian Catholic Church | *Syrian Catholic Church | ||
− | *Syro-Malabar | + | *Syro-Malabar Church |
*Syro-Malankara Catholic Church | *Syro-Malankara Catholic Church | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Second Council of Lyons (1274)=== | ===Second Council of Lyons (1274)=== | ||
+ | :See [[Councils of Lyons]] | ||
===Council of Ferrara-Florence (1439)=== | ===Council of Ferrara-Florence (1439)=== | ||
− | ===Orientalium Ecclesiarum (Vatican II)=== | + | :''Main article: [[Council of Florence]]'' |
+ | ===Union of Brest (1596)=== | ||
+ | :See [[Union of Brest]] | ||
+ | ===Other Unions=== | ||
+ | ===''Orientalium Ecclesiarum'' (Vatican II) and the Post-Council Period=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ''Orientalium Ecclesiarium'', the Decree on the Eastern Catholic Churches, was promulgated at the Second Vatican Council by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. This decree instructs Eastern Catholics to "preserve their legitimate liturgical rite" and was in many ways a move away from previous episodes of open Latinizations. The Eastern liturgical traditions, at this time often heavily Latinized, was affirmed by the Council. In situations where the Eastern Tradition was lost, it was to be reclaimed. An example of this is the practice of infant Chrismation and communion and the singing of the Divine Office (i.e. Vespers and Matins) which, largely lost in many Eastern Catholic Churches, was slowly reclaimed after the council. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The rights and privileges of Eastern Catholic patriarchs were also emphasized in this document. The Synod as a form of government is given specific autonomous powers to, depending on the Church and territory in question, establish eparchies (dioceses) and exarchates, nominate and transfer bishops, and to legislate other items such as the date for Easter, appropriate liturgical texts, and the formation of clerics. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The document also discusses issues pertaining to the Orthodox Church. Eastern Christians are exhorted to recognize their role in ecumenism and to remain faithful to their liturgical traditions as an example. Eastern Orthodox clerics that enter into communion with the Roman See have recognized orders and are to be incorporated into their corresponding Eastern Catholic Church. (i.e. a Ukrainian Orthodox clergyman in Canada would be received into the Ukrainian Catholic Church and not into the Latin Church or another Eastern Catholic church) The document also controversially gives permission for Orthodox Christians to receive the sacraments in Catholic churches (Eastern or Western) without impediment. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It has been received in different degrees depending on the Church in question. Generally, however, Eastern Catholic Churches have slowly begun to reduce Latinizations and practice their Eastern Tradition. This is especially true among younger clergy who have not attended Roman seminaries and are educated in their Tradition. These rights were formally legislated in the 1990 [http://www.ulrichrhode.de/kanon/cceo_e.html Eastern Code of Canon Law] and the 1996 [http://www.byzcath.org/faith/documents/instruction.htm Instruction for Applying the Liturgical Prescriptions of the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The text of the document is available at: [http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_orientalium-ecclesiarum_en.html The Decree on the Catholic Churches of the Eastern Rite] | ||
==Eastern Catholic Theology== | ==Eastern Catholic Theology== | ||
Line 56: | Line 76: | ||
*Ukrainian Catholic Church ([[Church of Ukraine]]) | *Ukrainian Catholic Church ([[Church of Ukraine]]) | ||
− | The following Eastern Rite Catholic | + | The following Eastern Rite Catholic Churches have "counterparts" in the [[Oriental Orthodox]] Churches. The counterpart is listed in parenthesis. |
*Armenian Catholic Church ([[Church of Armenia]]) | *Armenian Catholic Church ([[Church of Armenia]]) | ||
− | *Chaldean Catholic Church | + | *Chaldean Catholic Church ([[Assyrian Church of the East]]) |
− | *Coptic Catholic Church ([[Coptic | + | *Coptic Catholic Church ([[Coptic Orthodox Church]]) |
− | *Ethiopian Catholic Church | + | *Ethiopian Catholic Church ([[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]]) |
− | + | *Syrian Catholic Church ([[Syriac Orthodox Church]]) | |
− | *Syrian Catholic Church (Church | + | *Syro-Malankara Catholic Church (Malankara Orthodox Church) |
− | *Syro- | ||
− | |||
The following Eastern Catholic Churches have no counterpart either among the Chalcedonian Orthodox or the Oriental Orthodox. | The following Eastern Catholic Churches have no counterpart either among the Chalcedonian Orthodox or the Oriental Orthodox. | ||
*Maronite Catholic Church | *Maronite Catholic Church | ||
+ | *Syro Malabar Church | ||
*Italo-Albanian Catholic Church | *Italo-Albanian Catholic Church | ||
+ | *Hungarian Greek Catholic Church | ||
− | == | + | ==For More Information== |
− | *[http://www. | + | * <i>American Eastern Catholics</i> by Fred J. Saato (ISBN 0-8091-4378-X) |
− | *[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_orientalium-ecclesiarum_en.html Orientalium Ecclesiarum] | + | * <I>The Byzantine Rite: A Short History</I> by Robert Taft SJ (ISBN 0814621635) |
+ | * <I>Eastern Catholics in the United States of America</I> by the [http://www.usccb.org/ U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops] (ISBN 1574552872) | ||
+ | * <I>The Eastern Catholic Churches: An Introduction to Their Worship and Spirituality</i> by Joan L. Roccasalvo (ISBN 0814620477) | ||
+ | * <I>The Eastern Catholic Churches - A Brief Survey</I> by Ronald Roberson CSP. Reproduced online with permission at the [http://www.cnewacanada.ca/ecc-bodypg-ca.aspx?eccpageID=3 Catholic Near East Welfare Association] (ISBN 978-88-7210-359-2) | ||
+ | * <I>The Other Catholics: Obedient and Faithful</I> by Joseph Bonchonsky (ASIN B0006OZUJQ) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==External links== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *[http://www.ustpaul.ca/Sheptytsky/index.htm Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky Institute for Eastern Christian Studies] at St. Paul University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada | ||
+ | *[http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=54&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=1 Eastern Catholic Churches, Catholic Near East Welfare Agency] | ||
+ | *[http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_orientalium-ecclesiarum_en.html Orientalium Ecclesiarum], Vatican II's 1964 Decree on the Catholic Eastern Churches | ||
*[http://stmichaelruscath.org/ St. Michael's Russian Catholic Church], New York, NY | *[http://stmichaelruscath.org/ St. Michael's Russian Catholic Church], New York, NY | ||
*[http://www.crosslink.net/~hrycak/ch_indx-s.html An Unofficial Directory of Eastern Catholic Churches in the U.S.] | *[http://www.crosslink.net/~hrycak/ch_indx-s.html An Unofficial Directory of Eastern Catholic Churches in the U.S.] | ||
− | *[http://www. | + | *[http://www.archeparchy.org/ The Byzantine (Ruthenian) Catholic Church in America] |
+ | *[http://www.stbasilsinirving.org/ Saint Basil the Great Byzantine-Ruthenian Catholic Church] Irving, TX | ||
+ | *[http://www.saintelias.com/ca/index.php Saint Elias Ukrainian Catholic Church] Brampton, ON, Canada | ||
*[http://www.ugcc.org.ua/eng/ The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church] | *[http://www.ugcc.org.ua/eng/ The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church] | ||
*[http://www.maronite.org.au/ Maronite Catholic Church of Australia] | *[http://www.maronite.org.au/ Maronite Catholic Church of Australia] | ||
*[http://www.melkite.org.au/ Melkite Catholic Church of Australia] | *[http://www.melkite.org.au/ Melkite Catholic Church of Australia] | ||
+ | *[http://malankara.int.tf/ Syro-Malankara Catholic Church] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
[[Category:Non-Orthodox]] | [[Category:Non-Orthodox]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[el:Ουνία]] | ||
+ | [[fr:Églises catholiques orientales]] | ||
+ | [[ro:Biserici catolice răsăritene]] |
Latest revision as of 14:16, February 22, 2015
The Eastern Catholic Churches Churches are churches that follow the ancient liturgical traditions of the East, while being in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church and placing themselves under the authority of the Bishop of Rome.
Some of these churches, like the Orthodox Church, follow the Byzantine tradition, while others follow other liturgical traditions. The history of each Eastern Rite Catholic church is unique, some having sided with Rome at the time of the Great Schism and some being joined to Rome after that time.
They are sometimes referred to as Uniates, a term which many Eastern Catholics reject as derogatory, although it was historically used by both Eastern Catholics and the Latin hierarchy, as well.
Many of these churches have a direct non-Catholic (usually Orthodox or Oriental) counterpart. Others exist only within the Catholic Communion as they were either entirely received into communion with the Roman See or never left that communion.
List of Eastern Catholic Churches
Byzantine Rite (also Greek Catholic) Churches
- Albanian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy)
- Greek Catholic Church
- Belarusan Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy)
- Bulgarian Catholic Church
- Byzantine-Ruthenian Catholic Church
- Byzantine Catholics of Former Yugoslavia
- Georgian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy)
- Hungarian Catholic Church
- Italo-Albanian Catholic Church
- Melkite Greek Catholic Church
- Romanian Catholic Church
- Russian Catholic Church (Latin rite hierarchy)
- Slovak Catholic Church
- Ukrainian (Greek) Catholic Church official website (English, Ukrainian, Russian)
Non-Byzantine Eastern Rite Catholic Churches
- Armenian Catholic Church
- Chaldean Catholic Church
- Coptic Catholic Church (official Web site)
- Ethiopian Catholic Church
- Maronite Catholic Church
- Syrian Catholic Church
- Syro-Malabar Church
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
History
Second Council of Lyons (1274)
Council of Ferrara-Florence (1439)
- Main article: Council of Florence
Union of Brest (1596)
- See Union of Brest
Other Unions
Orientalium Ecclesiarum (Vatican II) and the Post-Council Period
Orientalium Ecclesiarium, the Decree on the Eastern Catholic Churches, was promulgated at the Second Vatican Council by Pope Paul VI on November 21, 1964. This decree instructs Eastern Catholics to "preserve their legitimate liturgical rite" and was in many ways a move away from previous episodes of open Latinizations. The Eastern liturgical traditions, at this time often heavily Latinized, was affirmed by the Council. In situations where the Eastern Tradition was lost, it was to be reclaimed. An example of this is the practice of infant Chrismation and communion and the singing of the Divine Office (i.e. Vespers and Matins) which, largely lost in many Eastern Catholic Churches, was slowly reclaimed after the council.
The rights and privileges of Eastern Catholic patriarchs were also emphasized in this document. The Synod as a form of government is given specific autonomous powers to, depending on the Church and territory in question, establish eparchies (dioceses) and exarchates, nominate and transfer bishops, and to legislate other items such as the date for Easter, appropriate liturgical texts, and the formation of clerics.
The document also discusses issues pertaining to the Orthodox Church. Eastern Christians are exhorted to recognize their role in ecumenism and to remain faithful to their liturgical traditions as an example. Eastern Orthodox clerics that enter into communion with the Roman See have recognized orders and are to be incorporated into their corresponding Eastern Catholic Church. (i.e. a Ukrainian Orthodox clergyman in Canada would be received into the Ukrainian Catholic Church and not into the Latin Church or another Eastern Catholic church) The document also controversially gives permission for Orthodox Christians to receive the sacraments in Catholic churches (Eastern or Western) without impediment.
It has been received in different degrees depending on the Church in question. Generally, however, Eastern Catholic Churches have slowly begun to reduce Latinizations and practice their Eastern Tradition. This is especially true among younger clergy who have not attended Roman seminaries and are educated in their Tradition. These rights were formally legislated in the 1990 Eastern Code of Canon Law and the 1996 Instruction for Applying the Liturgical Prescriptions of the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.
The text of the document is available at: The Decree on the Catholic Churches of the Eastern Rite
Eastern Catholic Theology
Relationships with the Orthodox Churches
Eastern Catholic Churches with Counterparts in Non-Catholic Churches
The following Eastern Rite Catholic Churches have "counterparts" in the Orthodox Communion. The counterpart is listed in parenthesis.
- Albanian Catholic Church (Church of Albania)
- Bulgarian Catholic Church (Church of Bulgaria)
- Greek Catholic Church (Church of Constantinople/Church of Greece)
- Georgian Catholic Church (Church of Georgia)
- Melkite Catholic Church (Church of Antioch)
- Romanian Catholic Church (Church of Romania)
- Russian Catholic Church (Church of Russia)
- Ukrainian Catholic Church (Church of Ukraine)
The following Eastern Rite Catholic Churches have "counterparts" in the Oriental Orthodox Churches. The counterpart is listed in parenthesis.
- Armenian Catholic Church (Church of Armenia)
- Chaldean Catholic Church (Assyrian Church of the East)
- Coptic Catholic Church (Coptic Orthodox Church)
- Ethiopian Catholic Church (Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church)
- Syrian Catholic Church (Syriac Orthodox Church)
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church (Malankara Orthodox Church)
The following Eastern Catholic Churches have no counterpart either among the Chalcedonian Orthodox or the Oriental Orthodox.
- Maronite Catholic Church
- Syro Malabar Church
- Italo-Albanian Catholic Church
- Hungarian Greek Catholic Church
For More Information
- American Eastern Catholics by Fred J. Saato (ISBN 0-8091-4378-X)
- The Byzantine Rite: A Short History by Robert Taft SJ (ISBN 0814621635)
- Eastern Catholics in the United States of America by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (ISBN 1574552872)
- The Eastern Catholic Churches: An Introduction to Their Worship and Spirituality by Joan L. Roccasalvo (ISBN 0814620477)
- The Eastern Catholic Churches - A Brief Survey by Ronald Roberson CSP. Reproduced online with permission at the Catholic Near East Welfare Association (ISBN 978-88-7210-359-2)
- The Other Catholics: Obedient and Faithful by Joseph Bonchonsky (ASIN B0006OZUJQ)
External links
- Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky Institute for Eastern Christian Studies at St. Paul University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Eastern Catholic Churches, Catholic Near East Welfare Agency
- Orientalium Ecclesiarum, Vatican II's 1964 Decree on the Catholic Eastern Churches
- St. Michael's Russian Catholic Church, New York, NY
- An Unofficial Directory of Eastern Catholic Churches in the U.S.
- The Byzantine (Ruthenian) Catholic Church in America
- Saint Basil the Great Byzantine-Ruthenian Catholic Church Irving, TX
- Saint Elias Ukrainian Catholic Church Brampton, ON, Canada
- The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Maronite Catholic Church of Australia
- Melkite Catholic Church of Australia
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church