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Before graduating, Alexei was tonsured on [[May 18]], 1885, with the name of Anthony. That same year, he finished at the Academy and received his diploma. On [[June 12]], he was [[ordination|ordained]] [[hierodeacon]] and on [[September 29]], [[hieromonk]]. He then remained at the Academy as part of the teaching staff. In 1886-1887, he was appointed to teach homiletics, [[liturgics]], and [[canon law]] at the Kholm Theological Seminary. In 1887-1889, Hieromonk Anthony was an instructor at the Academy in the department of [[Old Testament]] Studies and beginning in 1889 served as the Academy's inspector. A result of this work was his 1890 book "An Exegesis of the Book of the Prophet Micah."
In 1888, as a result of reworking his dissertation, Hieromonk Anthony was awarded the degree of Master of Theology. In 1888 and 1889, he taught a course on introduction to theological sciences. At around the same time, he became friends with St [[John of Kronstadt]]. In 1890, he was appointed as [[rector]] of the St Petersburg Theological Academy and raised to the rank of [[archimandrite]]. In 1891, he was appointed rector of the [[Moscow Theological Academy and Seminary|Moscow Theological Academy]]. This time marked his blossoming as a theologian, with the publication of his work "The moral idea of the [[dogma]] of the Holy Trinity" (report at the festivities marking the 500th anniversary of the repose of St [[Sergius of Radonezh]]). In 1893-1894, Archimandrite Anthony became friends with Archimandrite [[Sergius I (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergius (Stragorodsky)]], the future Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia. Archimandrite Anthony persuaded Archimandrite Sergius to publish his master's dissertation, "The Orthodox Teaching on Salvation." He also met L. N. [[Tolstoy]], whom he frequently attempted to bring back into the Church by critiquing his religious and philosophical ideas.
His position on supporting monastic tonsure for academy graduates put Archimandrite Anthony into conflict with Metropolitan Sergius (Lyapidevsky) of Moscow. The conflict resulted in Archimandrite Anthony's transfer to the post of rector of the [[Kazan Theological Academy]] in 1895.
