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In 1888, as a result of reworking his dissertation, Hieromonk Anthony was awarded the degree of Master of Theology.
In 1888 and 1889, he taught a course on introduction to theological sciences. At around the same time, he became friends with St [[John of Kronstadt]]. In 1890, he was appointed as rector of the [[St Petersburg Theological Academy]] and raised to the rank of [[archimandrite]]. In 1891, he was appointed rector of the [[Moscow Theological Academy]]. This time marked his blossoming as a theologian, with the publication of his work "The moral idea of the dogma of the Holy Trinity" (report at the festivities marking the 500th anniversary of the repose of St [[Sergius of Radonezh]]). In 1893-1894, Archimandrite Anthony became friends with Archimandrite [[Sergius I (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergius (Stragorodsky)]], the future Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia. Archimandrite Anthony persuaded Archimandrite Sergius to publish his master's dissertation, "The Orthodox Teaching on Salvation." He also met L. N. [[Tolstoy]], whom he frequently attempted to bring back into the Church by critiquing his religious and philosophical ideas.
His position on supporting monastic tonsure for academy graduates put Archimandrite Anthony into conflict with Metropolitan Sergius (Lyapidevsky) of Moscow. The conflict resulted in Archimandrite Anthony's transfer to the post of rector of the [[Kazan Theological Academy]] in 1895.
