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Before the Divine Liturgy begins, the [[priest]] and a [[deacon]], if one is serving, begin by preparing the gifts of bread and wine for use in the service. This preparation is itself a considerable service. More than simply setting aside the bread and wine, a robust ritual has developed with elaborate symbolism. Though the main outline is similar for most Orthodox churches, there may be some differences based on which [[typicon]] a jurisdiction uses.
During the prothesis, the priest cuts out a square called the Lamb from the main loaf of bread. This will be consecrated during the Liturgy of the Faithful to become the holy body of Christ. He also removes small particles and places them on the ''discos'' [[diskos]] (or paten ) in commemoration of the [[Theotokos]], various saints, and the living and departed faithful. The remainder of the bread is blessed and distributed to parishioners and visitors after the service; this bread is called ''[[antidoron]]''.
During the prothesis, the priest also blesses wine and water, which are poured into the chalice. Warm water will be added to the chalice after the [[epiclesis]].
