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==Modern era (1821-1917)==
*1821 Greek independence declared on the Day of [[Annunciation]] ([[March 25]]), also [[Kyriopascha]]; execution of Patr. [[Gregory V of Constantinople]], Abp. [[Kyprianos of Cyprus]], and Abp. [[Gerasimos of Crete]] in retaliation.
* 1823 The miracleMiracle-working icon of Panagia Evangelistria is excavated on the Greek island of Tinos, according to the a vision by Saint from St. Pelagia, becoming the most venerated pilgrimage item in Greece, at the grandiose [[Church of Evangelistria (Tinos, Greece)]].*1829 The Treaty of Adrianople ends the Greek War of Independence, culminating in the creation of the modern Greek state.
*1832 [[Church of Serbia]] becomes ''de facto'' [[autocephaly|autocephalous]].
*1833 [[Church of Greece]] declares its [[autocephaly]], making it independent of the [[Church of Constantinople]]; death of St. [[Seraphim of Sarov]].
*1847 Restoration of [[w:Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem|Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem]] by Pope Pius IX.
*1848 ''[[Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs]]'' sent by the primates and synods of the four ancient patriarchates of the Orthodox Church, condemning the [[Filioque]] as [[heresy]], declaring the [[Roman Catholic Church]] to be [[heresy|heretical]], [[schism]]atic, and in [[apostasy]], repudiating [[Ultramontanism]] and referring to the Photian Council of 879-880 as the "[[Eighth Ecumenical Council]]."*1850 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes the [[autocephaly]] of the [[Church of Greece]].*1851 Translation of the [[Septuagint]] by Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton; Ottoman Empire recognizes France as supreme Christian authority in Holy Land and grants it possession of the keys to the [[Church of the Nativity (Bethlehem)|Church of the Nativity]].*1852 Ottoman Empire makes division of [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem)|Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] permanent.
*1853-56 [[w:Crimean War|Crimean War]] fought between Russia and the Ottoman Empire together with Britain and France, begins over which church would be recognized as the "sovereign authority" of the Christian faith in the Holy Land.
*1854 [[Immaculate Conception]] declared dogma by [[Roman Catholic Church]].
*1864 First Orthodox [[parish]] established on American soil in New Orleans, Louisiana, by Greeks.
*1865 [[Church of Romania]] declares its [[autocephaly|independence]] from the [[Church of Constantinople]].
*1867 Sale of Alaska to United States.
*1870 [[Papal Infallibility]] declared [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] dogma necessary for salvation by the First Vatican Council.
*1871 [[Nicholas of Japan|Nikolai Kasatkin]] establishes Orthodox mission in Japan.
*1872 Council in Jerusalem declares [[phyletism]] to be a [[heresy]]; [[Church of Bulgaria]] gains ''de facto'' [[autocephaly]] by a decree of the Sultan.*1879 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes the [[autocephaly]] of the [[Church of Serbia]]; death of St. [[Innocent of Alaska]].*1881 Wave of anti-Jewish pogroms in Russia causes mass migrations migration of Jews (2.5 million Jews settle in the United States, thousands settle in Palestine).*1885 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes the [[autocephaly]] of the [[Church of Romania]].
*1898 Last Greek patriarch of [[Church of Antioch|Antioch]] deposed.
*1899 Restoration of Arabs to the [[Church of Antioch|Patriarchal throne of Antioch]].
*1900 [[Chinese Martyrs of the Boxer-Rebellion|Martyrdom of Orthodox Christians]] in ChinaChinese Boxer Rebellion.*1905 Seat of Russian Orthodox bishop in America moved from San Francisco to New York, as immigration from Eastern Europe and the reception of ex-[[Uniate]]s shifts the balance of Orthodox population to eastern North America.
*1905 Death of [[Apostolos Makrakis]].
*1907 Archim. [[Eusebius Matthopoulos]] founds ''[[Brotherhood of Theologians Zoe|Zoe Brotherhood]],'' thus becoming one of the most influential figures in the twentieth century history of the Church of Greece. *1908 Fr. Nikodemos Sarikas sent to Johannesburg, Transvaal, by the Ecumenical Patriarchate as first Orthodox priest there, leaving after a short time for German East Africa (later Tanzania) because of the opposition of Johannesburg Greeks to mission among Africans.
*1908 Death of St. [[John of Kronstadt]].
*1912 Death of St. [[Nicholas of Japan]].
