8,921
edits
Changes
→Renaissance and Modern Era: 1863
*1848 ''[[Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs]]'' sent by the primates and synods of the four ancient patriarchates of the Orthodox Church, condemning the [[Filioque]] as [[heresy]], declaring the [[Roman Catholic Church]] to be [[heresy|heretical]], [[schism]]atic, and in [[apostasy]], repudiating [[Ultramontanism]] and referring to the Photian Council of 879-880 as the "[[Eighth Ecumenical Council]]."
*1854 Declaration of Immaculate Conception of Mary as [[dogma]].
*1863 Abbé [[Vladimir Guettée]], a [[Roman Catholic]] priest who converted to the [[Orthodox Church]], writes ''"[http://books.google.com/books?id=VcEOAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Papacy: Its Historic Origin and Primitve Relations with the Eastern Churches]",'' a strong criticism of the Papacy.
*1870 Declaration of Papal Infallibility to be dogma at First Vatican Council.
*1894 ''[[w:Praeclara Gratulationis Publicae|Praeclara Gratulationis Publicae]]'' (''on the Reunion of Christendom''), an Encyclical Letter of Pope Leo XIII promulgated on [[June 20]], called for the reunion of Eastern and Western churches into the "Unity of the Faith", while also condemning Freemasonry; criticized by Ecumenical Patriarch Anthimus VII in 1895.
