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{{Traduzione]]}}Il nostro venerabile padre Padre tra i Santi '''Giovanni di Damasco''' (c. 676 - [[5 dicembre]], 749) was also known as noto anche come ''Giovanni Damasceno, Chrysorrhoas,'' "streaming with goldche scorre d'oro," (iovvero "il parlante d'oro").Nacque e.crebbe a Damasco, the golden speaker). He was born and raised in Damascus, in all probability at the molto probabilmente presso il [[Holy Grande Lavra of St. Savas di San Saba (JerusalemGerusalemme)|Monastery of Saint SabbasMonastero di San Saba]] (''Mar Saba''), South East of Jerusalema Sud-Est di Gerusalemme. His Il giorno della sua [[feast dayricorrenza]] in the per la [[Orthodox ChurchChiesa Ortodossa]] is è il [[December 4Dicembre]]. He is also recognized as a È riconosciuto come [[saintsanto]] in the dalla [[Roman Catholic ChurchChiesa Cattolica Romana]].[[Image:John of Damascus.jpg|right|frame|StS. John of DamascusGiovanni di Damasco]]
==Biografia==
Practically all the information concerning the life of John of Damascus available to us today has been through the records of [[John V of Jerusalem|John]], [[Patriarch of Jerusalem]]. Though these notes have served as the single source of biographical information, dating back to the tenth century, these writings have been noted by scholars as having an exuberant lack of detail from a historical point of view and a bloated writing style.
===ChildhoodInfanzia===
Although he was brought up under the [[Muslim]] rule of Damascus, this was not to affect his or his family's Christian faith or cause any grievances with the Muslim countrymen who held him in high esteem. To the extent that his father held a high hereditary public office with duties of chief financial officer for the caliph, Abdul Malekunder, apparently as head of the tax department for Syria.
When John reached the age of twenty-three, his father sought out to find a Christian tutor who could provide the best education for his children available at the time. Records show that while spending some time in the market place John's father came across several captives, imprisoned as a result of a raid for prisoners of war that had taken place in the coasts of Italy. This man, a Sicilian [[monk]] by the name of Cosmas, turned out to be an erudite of great knowledge and wisdom. John's father arranged for the release of this man and appointed him tutor to his son. Under the instruction of Cosmas, John made great advances in fields of study such as music, astronomy and theology. According to his biographer, he soon equaled Diophantus in algebra and Euclid in geometry.
===Succession to Elevazione a "Chief CouncilorCapo Consigliere"===
In spite of his Christian background, his family held a high hereditary public office with the Moslem rulers of Damascus, led by caliph Abd al-Malik. He succeeded his father in his position upon his death; ''John de Damascene'' was made ''protosymbullus'', or chief councilor of Damascus.
According to the tenth-century biography, his hand was miraculously restored after fervent prayer before an [[icon]] of the [[Theotokos|Virgin Mary]]. At this point the caliph is said to have been convinced of his innocence and inclined to reinstate him to his former office. However, John then retired to the Monastery of [[Sabbas the Sanctified|Saint Sabbas]] near Jerusalem, where he continued to produce a stream of commentaries, hymns and apologetic writings, including the ''[[Oktoechos]]'' (the Church's service book of eight tones) and ''An Exact Exposition of the Orthodox Faith'', a summary of the dogmatic writings of the Early [[Church Fathers]].
=== Last days Ultimi giorni ===
He died in 749 as a revered Father of the Church and is now universally recognized as a saint.
== List of works Lista delle opere =====The Precious Pearl: The Lives of Saints Barlaam and IoasaphLa vita di Blarlaam e Josaphat===
[http://sites.google.com/site/preciouspearlfan ''The Precious Pearl: The Lives of Saints Barlaam and Ioasaph'']
===Early workPrime opere===
* Three ''"Apologetic Treatises against those Decrying the Holy Images"''[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/johndamascus-images.html] - These treatises where among his earliest expositions in response to the edict by Leo the Isaurian of Constantinople, which banned the worship or exhibition of [[icons|holy images]].
===Teachings and dogmatic workInsegnamenti e opere dogmatiche===
* [http://www.archive.org/details/fathersofthechur009511mbp ''The Fount of Knowledge''], also ''The Fount of Wisdom'', this book is divided in three parts:
*# "Philosophical Chapters" ''(Kephalaia philosophika)'' - Commonly called 'Dialectic', deals mostly with logic, its primary purpose being to prepare the reader for a better understanding of the rest of the book.
* ''"Sacred Parallels"''
===Hymns and minor writingsInni e opere secondarie===
* ''[[Oktoechos]]'' - Known as the "hymn-book for the daily service," for which he may be only responsible improving and revising.
*''Canons'' - 8 or 9 highly complicated structure of hymns, composed of 3 or 4 strophes, each with its own individual composition and melody.
*''"Introduction to Elementary Dogmatics"'' - As the name says, also aimed at his disciples.
==HymnsInni==
[[Troparion]] (Tone 8)
:he entreats that forgiveness of sins may be granted to all.
== References Riferimenti ==
# ''"St. John Damascene on Holy Images, Followed by Three Sermons on the Assumption"'' - Eng. transl. by Mary H. Allies, London, 1899.
*[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/johndamascus-komesis.html John of Damascus: Three Sermons on the Dormition of the Virgin]
==Icons of StIcone di S. JohnGiovanni di Damasco==
<gallery>
Image:John of Damascus.jpg
