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*1323 French Dominican friar [[w:Jordanus|Jordanus Catalani de Severac]] arrives in [[w:Kollam|Kollam]] (Quilon).
*1329 August 9, erection of the first Roman Catholic Diocese in India, in the state of Kerala, being the [[w:Roman Catholic Diocese of Quilon|Diocese of Quilon]] (or Kollam); re-erected on September 1, 1886.<ref group="note">Pope John XXII (in captivity in Avignon) erected Quilon as the first Diocese in the whole of Indies, as suffragan to the Archdiocese of Sultany in Persia, through the decree ''Romanus Pontifix''.</ref> French Dominican friar [[w:Jordanus|Jordanus Catalani de Severac]] is appointed as the first Bishop of Quilon.
*1490 Two -1503 [[Assyrian Church of the East|East Syrian]] mission to India: two Chaldean bishops, John and Thomas, in Kerala. <ref group="note">Between 1490 and 1503 the [[Assyrian Church of the East|Church of the East]] responded to the request of a mission to Mesopotamia from the East Syrian Christians of the Malabar Coast of India for bishops to be sent out to them. In 1490 two Christians from Malabar arrived in [[w:Cizre|Gazarta]] to petition the patriarch Shemʿon IV (Basidi) to consecrate a bishop for their church. Two monks of the monastery of [[w:Mar Awgin|Mar Awgin]] were consecrated bishops and were sent to India. Shemʿon IV died in 1497, to be followed by the short-reigned Shemʿon V, who died in 1502. His successor Eliya V (1502-03) consecrated three more bishops for India in April 1503. These bishops sent a report to the patriarch from India in 1504, describing the condition of the East Syrian church in India and reporting the recent arrival of the Portuguese. Eliya had already died by the time this letter arrived in Mesopotamia, and it was received by his successor, Shemʿon VI (1504–38). (''MSS Vat Syr 204a and Paris BN Syr 25'')</ref>
*1494 June 7, [[w:Treaty of Tordesillas|Treaty of Tordesillas]]: division of the world and mission lands between Spain and Portugal.
*1852-1877 [[w:Mathews Mar Athanasius Metropolitan|Mathews Mar Athanasius Metropolitan (''Mar Thoma XIII'')]], a pro-protestant reformist; during his time Reformation of the Church became strong; one cleric who objected to the Reformation (Ouseph Kathanar from Kunnamkulam) went to Antioch, and was consecrated as Joseph Mar Dionysius on April 3, 1865; Mathews Mar Athanasius' successor was one [[w:Thomas Mar Athanasius|Thomas Mar Athanasius]] (''Mar Thoma XIV'') (1877-1893), the first Metropolitan of the schismatic [[w:Mar Thoma Church|Mar Thoma church]] in 1877, a Reformed West-Syrian Rite (Protestant Oriental) church, in communion with the Anglican Church.
*1865-1909 [[w:Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II|Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II]] ('''Dionysius V'''), a courageous, popular, spiritual leader, who guided his followers through one of the most difficult times in the history of Malankara Church.
*1875-1877 Apostolic visit to India by Patriarch Moran Mor [[w:Ignatius Peter IV|Ignatius Ignatius Peter IV]].[[Image:Juliusthirumeni.jpg|right|thumb|Metr. [[w:Antonio Francisco Xavier AlvaresJulius of Goa|Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares]], the first (Latin-riteRoman Rite) [[Brahmavar (Goan) Orthodox Church|Orthodox Metropolitan of Goa-Ceylon]] (1889-1923).]][[Image:ParumalaThirumeni.jpg|right|thumb|[[w:Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala|Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala]], the first Saint of both Oriental Orthodox Churches in India.]]
*1876 The '''[[w:Mulanthuruthy_marthoman_church#Synod_of_Mulanthuruthy|Council of Mulanthuruthy]]''' (of the Malankara Church) is convened at the historic [[w:Mulanthuruthy marthoman church|Mulanthuruthy Marthoman church]], presided over by Patriarch [[w:Ignatius Peter IV|Ignatius Peter IV]] (who had been summoned to assist in efforts against the inroads of Protestantism that were supported by the British), declaring that the [[w:Malankara Church|Malankara Church]] accepted the supremacy of the Patriarch and that it would keep the Jacobite faith of the Antiochians; this synod thus represented the inauguration of an official relationship of a section of the Indian Orthodox Church with the Patriarch of the [[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|West Syrian Church]]; another section however representing several churches did not participate, saying that this was against the historical status of the Malankara Church.<ref group="note">Two strong groups were in the church at this time: the one owed allegiance to Metropolitan [[w:Thomas Mar Athanasius|Thomas Mar Athanasius]] (1877-1893), and supported independence and purification of the church (the ''Metran Kakshi'' faction); the other under the control of [[w:Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II|Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II]] (1865-1909), spearheaded Orthodoxy and subservience to the Patriarch of Antioch (the ''Bava Kakshi.'' faction).<br>In 1877 Metropolitan [[w:Thomas Mar Athanasius|Thomas Mar Athanasius]] thus became the first Metropolitan of the new [[w:Mar Thoma Church|Mar Thoma Church]] (1877-1893), a group that split from the Malankara Church and was originally known as "Reformed Jacobites", of the West Syrian Rite (i.e. Protestant Oriental, in communion with the Anglican Church).</ref>
*1876 '''Schism:''' the '''[[w:Mar Thoma Church|Mar Thoma Church]]'''<ref group="note">Mar Thoma or Marthoma is Aramaic, meaning Saint Thomas. Members of this church are often referred to as Marthomites.</ref> (Anglican Communion) came into being under [[w:Thomas Mar Athanasius|Thomas Mar Athanasious]], who was excommunicated by the Jacobite Patriarch; they were known as Reformed Jacobites before the group took the name of Mar Thoma Church, introducing many changes based on Protestant doctrine.
*1888 Significant transfer movement from the Catholic to the Oriental Orthodox church: the Latin rite (Uniate) [[Brahmavar (Goan) Orthodox Church|Independent Catholic Church of Ceylon, Goa, and India]] was formed, consisting of about 5000 Catholics under [[w:Antonio Francisco Xavier AlvaresJulius of Goa|Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares]] (Alvares Mar Julius I), who was consecrated in 1889 by St. [[w:Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala|Gregorios of Parumala]], Metr. Athanasius Paulos of Aluva, and Malankara Metr. [[w:Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II|Dionysius Joseph II]]; this church maintained relations with the Syrian Orthodox Patr. of Antioch Mar [[w:Ignatius Peter IV|Ignatius Peter III]], and was permitted to continue its Latin or Western rite liturgical practices.<ref group="note"> The reasons for this break with the papacy were political rather then religious. From the sixteenth century there had existed a concordat between the Holy See and the King of Portugal which allowed the latter to nominate Bishops to the diocese of Latin Rite India, as well as other colonies which had formally been Portuguese colonies. The arrangement was known as the [[w:Padroado|Patrondo]] (Patronage). By the second half of the nineteenth century it had become obvious that it was high time for Patrondo to be abolished.</ref><ref group="note">"On January 2, 1887, [[w:Pope Leo XIII|Pope Leo XIII]] set up a new Latin hierarchy for India and Ceylon, with the bishops (except for the province of (Goa) directly dependent on the [[w:Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples|Congregation of Propaganda]]. This change aroused considerable indignation because there still existed strong sentimental link between Indian Catholics and Portugal. Many native priests were indignant at being transferred to jurisdictions of French or Italian bishops.<br>Thus came into being what was called the '[[w:Padroado|Patrando]] Association'. Its leaders petitioned King Luis I of Portugal, to use his influence at Rome to have [[w:Padroado|the royal patronage]] restored. On February 10, 1888, a Goan priest, who had been a Brahmin, [[w:Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares|Antonio Francisco-Xavier Alvarez]], was elected by the Association as first bishop of the schismatic church. He applied to [[w:Pulikkottil Joseph Mar Dionysious II|Mar Dionysios V]], Jacobite Metropolitan of Malankara since 1865, to consecrate him, but with no result. His appeal to Mar [[w:Ignatius Peter IV|Ignatius Peter III]], Jacobite Patriarch of Antioch was more successful." (Old Catholic Church of the United States. ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=RzWpW9eoID8C&source=gbs_navlinks_s Credo: The Catechism of the Old Catholic Church].'' iUniverse, 2004. p.391.)</ref>
*1902 Death of [[w:Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala|Gheevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala]], later canonized by both the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church]] and [[Church of India|Indian Orthodox Church]] (1947), being the first Saint of both Oriental Orthodox Churches in India.
*1909-1934 [[w:Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril|Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril]] ('''Dionysius VI'''); he led the Church as Malankara Metropolitan until his death in 1934, when he and the Church triumphed in establishing the official Constitution of the [[Church of India|Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]].
*1929-1964 [[w:Baselios Geevarghese II|Baselios Geevarghese II]], the 3rd ''Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan'' (''had both titles, after 1934'').
*ca.1930's Roman Catholic [[w:Vellalar|Vellalar]] Christians ([[w:Tiruchirappalli|Trichy]]) separated themselves temporarily from their church because of caste quarells, and employed Orthodox West Syrian Indian Priests from [[w:Kerala|Kerala]] to conduct their worship services.
*1930 '''Schism:''' The [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church]] is established as an Eastern rite of the Roman Catholic Church, when a large group of Jacobites under the leadership of Archbishop [[w:Geevarghese Mar Ivanios|Mar Ivanios]] split from the [[w:Malankara Church|Malankara Church]] and subsequently entered into communion with Rome; they were allowed to maintain their Antiochene liturgy; death of Metr. [[Eustathius of Kunnamkulam]] (''glorified in 2000'').
*1931 Patriarch [[w:Ignatius Elias III|Elias III]] came to Malankara at the invitation of the then British Viceroy, Lord Irvin, to resolving the schism that had erupted in the Malankara Church; the [[w:Thrikkunnathu Seminary|Thrikkunnathu Seminary]] is opened (operating from 1931-1977), being a notable Malankara teaching facility for clergy in the northern dioceses of the Indian Orthodox Church, and the only full seminary for Jacobite Syrian Christians (later noted as the "headquarters" of the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Jacobite Syrian Christian Church]] in India).
*1932 Death of Patriarch [[w:Ignatius Elias III|Elias III]], the only Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch who is entombed in Kerala, India; the monastery where he is entombed is a renowned pilgrim centre, known as [[w:Manjanikkara Dayara|Manjanikkara Dayara]].
*1947 The [[w:Union of India|Dominion of India]] gains its independence from the United Kingdom, as British India is dissolved; a largely Hindu India and a Muslim Pakistan are created by partitions of the subcontinent, with Punjab and Bengal divided along religious-demographic boundaries between the two.[[Image:Stthomas-stamp.jpg|right|thumb|St. Thomas Stamp Issue by the Govt of India (1964).]][[Image:19thDCent StThomas.jpg|right|thumb|Stamp Issue by the Gov't of India comemmorating the 1900th anniversary of St. Thomas' martyrdom (72-1972).]]
*1952 Immediately after the ''"All Kerala Celebrations of the 19th Century of the Landing of St. Thomas in India,"'' [[w:Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserant|Cardinal Tisserant]] brought a part of St. Thomas' relics back to India, with the main portion enshrined at Kodungalloor where the Apostle first set foot in India, and the other portion at Mylapore where he died.
*1956 Ethiopian Emperor [[w:Haile Selassie I|Haile Selassie]] visited Kerala, gifting the Syrian Orthodox Church of St. George ("[http://www.cheppadvaliyapalli.com/ Cheppad Church]") with a Gold Ethiopian Cross and a Holy Bible with gold engravings written in Amharic.
*1958 '''Unification''' of the [[w:Malankara Church|Malankara Church]] again (lasting from 1958-1975), after the split in 1912: on September 12, the constitutional bench of the Supreme Court of India recognized the validity of the Catholicate and unanimously declared that the Patriarch of Antioch does not have any authority over the Malankara church and that the Indian church is completely free under the [[w:List of Catholicos of the East|Catholicos of the East]]; by an accord, Syrian Patriarch [[w:Ignatius Ya`qub III|Moran Mor Ignatius Ya`qub III]] affirmed his canonical acceptance of the Catholicate as well as the 1934 Constitution of the Indian Orthodox Church; the two factions of the [[w:Malankara Church|Malankara Church]], viz; [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Jacobite]] and [[Church of India|Orthodox]], re-united.
*1964 Patriarch [[w:Ignatius Ya`qub III|Moran Mor Ignatius Ya`qub III]] visited India and consecrated [[w:Baselios Augen I|Mor Augen Thimotheos]] as the Catholicose of the East; thus 'Mar Baselios Augen I', the Metropolitan of Kandanad diocese, became the first “canonically” ordained Catholicose/Maphriyono of the East from India ''(from the Jacobite point of view)''; the government of India brought out a stamp of St. Thomas, in connection with the Bombay International Eucharistic Congress and the visit of Pope Paul VI to India in 1964.
*1975-1991 [[w:Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews I|Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews I]], the 5th ''Catholicos of the East & Malankara Metropolitan.''
*1977 The [[w:Thrikkunnathu Seminary|Thrikkunnathu Seminary]] and its Saint Mary’s Church building were closed in December, owing to an ownership dispute between the [[Church of India|Indian (Malankara) Orthodox]] and the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Jacobite Syrian Christian Church]].
*1980 Greek [[hieromonk|priest-monk]] Fr. [[Athanasios Anthides ]] travelled to India to begin a systematic Orthodox Mission in the rural area of [[w:Arambag|Arambah]], in [[w:West Bengal|West Bengal]] state, in eastern India..*1990 Death of Fr. Athanasios Anthides, first Greek Orthodox Missionary to India(1980-1990), suceeded a year later by priest-monk Fr. [[Ignatios (Sennis) of Madagascar|Ignatios Sennis]], who came to [[w:Kolkata|Calcutta]] to continue the mission(1991-2004).
*1991-2005 [[w:Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II|Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II]], 6th ''Catholicos of the East & Malankara Metropolitan.''
*1995 June 20, the Supreme Court of India unequivocally declared that "The Patriarch of Antioch was undoubtedly acknowledged and recognised by all the members of the Malankara Church as the supreme head of their Church", implying that the [[Church of India|Indian Orthodox Catholicate]] is part of the [[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|Syriac Orthodox Church]] and is not autocephalous.[[Image:Bavacatholicos.jpg|right|thumb|[[Baselios Didymos I|Baselius Marthoma Didymus I]], Catholicos of the East & Malankara Metropolitan, [[Church of India]], [2005-Present].]]
[[Image:ConsecrationBaseliousThomas1.jpg|left|thumb|Consecration of Thomas Mar Dionysius as [[w:Baselios Thomas I|Baselious Thomas I]], ''Catholicose of India'' (seated) [2002-Present], by the Patr. of Antioch, [[w:Ignatius Zakka I Iwas|Ignatious Zakka I Iwas]], and the universal episcopal synod. 31 July 2002, Damascus - [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church]].]]
*1996 September 25, the [[w:Nagpur St. Thomas Orthodox Theological Seminary|Nagpur St. Thomas Orthodox Theological Seminary]] was officially inaugurated by H.G. Dr. [[w:Geevarghese Mar Osthathios|Geevarghese Mar Osthathios]], the President of the Mission Board of the Malankara Church, in the presence of H.G. Stephanus Mar Theodosius and H.G. Geevarghese Mar Ivanius (Kottayam).
*2000 Patr. [[w:Ignatius Zakka I Iwas|Ignatious Zakka I Iwas]] of Antioch glorified Metr. [[Eustathius of Kunnamkulam]] (+1930) as a saint in the [[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|Syriac Orthodox Church]] and the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Malankara Syriac Orthodox Church]].
*2002 The two Oriental Orthodox Churches conducted their own Syrian Christian Association meetings, and since then are functioning independently; the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church]] faction adopted a new constitution, against the constitution of 1934.
*2003 Canonization of [[w:Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril|Geevarghese Mar Dionysius of Vattasseril]] (+1934) by the [[Church of India]], the third saint canonized by the church.
[[Category:Oriental Orthodox]]
[[Category:Church History]]
[[Category: Schisms]]