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:"... as of the fifteenth day of the month of January last past, in the last fourth [[Indiction]], '''in the year six thousand one hundred and ninety [6190]''', ..."<ref>''The Rudder (Pedalion)'': Of the metaphorical ship of the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church of the Orthodox Christians, or all the sacred and divine canons of the holy and renowned Apostles, of the holy Councils, ecumenical as well as regional, and of individual fathers, as embodied in the original Greek text, for the sake of authenticity, and explained in the vernacular by way of rendering them more intelligible to the less educated. Comp. Agapius a Hieromonk and Nicodemus a Monk. First printed and published A.D.1800. Trans. D. Cummings, from the 5th edition published by John Nicolaides (Kesisoglou the Caesarian) in Athens, Greece in 1908, (Chicago: The Orthodox Christian Educational Society, 1957; Repr., New York, N.Y.: Luna Printing Co., 1983).</ref>
When Russia received Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium, she inherited the Orthodox Calendar based on the ''Creation Era''. After the collapse of the Byzantine Empire in AD 1453, the ''Creation Era'' continued to be used by Russia (translated into Slavonic). In AD 1492 / (7000 AM ) there were millennialist movements in Moscow due to the end of the church calendar. After the collapse of the Byzantine Empire It was only in 1453, AD 1700 that the ''Creation Era'' continued to be used by in Russia (translated into Slavonic) until 1700, when it was changed to the [[Julian Calendar]] by Peter the Great.<ref>Prof. Charles Ellis (University of Bristol). [http://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=5547 Russian Calendar (988-1917)]. ''The Literary Encyclopedia''. 25 September, 2008.</ref>. It still forms the basis of traditional Orthodox calendars up to today. The year AD 2000 was 7508 AM. September 2008 marked the beginning of the year 7516 of this era.
: * the [[w:Babylonian calendar|Babylonian]], descendant of the Sumerian calendar, and basic contributor to the [[w:Hebrew calendar|Hebrew Biblical calendar]];
: * the [[w:Egyptian calendar|Egyptian]], in use since at least 2550 BC, which institutionalized a year that was 365 days long, being divided into 12 months of 30 days each; and
: * the [[w:Attic calendarOlympiad#Era|Greek]](''Era of the Olympiads'').
Pliny the Elder, the Great Roman erudite scholar, attempted<ref>Historia Naturalis, XVIII, 210.</ref> to promote the Roman calendar as modified by Julius Caesar (i.e. the [[Julian Calendar]]) at the same level, as a ‘fourth calendar’.<ref>Prof. Dr. Muhammad Shamsaddin Megalommatis. [http://www.buzzle.com/articles/gueze-ethiopian-the-counterfeit-millennium.html Gueze – ‘Ethiopian’: the Counterfeit Millennium]. Sept. 8, 2007.</ref>.
