8,921
edits
Changes
→Nicene era (325-451): 337;354;379;409;410;424
*336-338 [[Athanasius the Great]] goes into exile in Treves, telling Europeans about the monastic rule of [[Pachomius the Great]], awakening interest in [[monasticism]] in Europe.
*337 Death of [[Constantine the Great|Constantine]].
*337-379 The [[Assyrian Church of the East|Persian Church]] faced several severe persecutions, notably during the reign of [[w:Shapur II|Shapur II]] (309–79), from the Zoroastrian majority who accused it of Roman leanings.
*339-346 Second exile of [[Athanasius the Great|Athanasius]].
*340 Conversion of [[Wulfila]] to [[Arianism]], subsequently missionizing the Goths with [[heresy|heretical]] doctrine; Council of Rome under Pope Julius where Athanasius and Marcellus are declared innocent and maintained in the communion of the western churches; [[Council of Gangra]] held.
*350 [[Ninian]] establishes the church Candida Casa at Whithorn in Galloway, Scotland, beginning the missionary effort to the Picts.
*351 Apparition of the Sign of the [[Cross]] over Jerusalem.
*354 [[w:Theophilos the Indian|Theophilos the Indian]] was sent by Emperor [[w:Constantius II|Constantius II]] on a mission to south Asia via Arabia, where he is said to have converted the [[w:Himyarite Kingdom|Himyarites]] and built three churches in southwest Arabia; he is also said to have found Christians in India, along the [[w:Malabar Coast|Malabar Coast]], as recorded by the [[w:Anomoeanism|Anomoean]] (Arian) Church historian [[w:Philostorgius|Philostorgius]].
*355 Death of [[Nino of Cappadocia|Nina]], Enlightener of Georgia.
*356 Death of [[Anthony the Great]].
*376 Visigoths convert to [[Arianism|Arian]] Christianity.
*378 [[Meletius of Antioch|Meletius]] returns to his see as bishop of Antioch; at [[w:Battle of Adrianople|Battle of Adrianople]] Emperor Valens defeated by the Visigoths, permanently weakening northern borders of the empire.
*379-402 Continuation of the Great Persecution of the Persian church.
*379 Death of [[Basil the Great]]; Emperor Gratian's rescript ''Ordinariorum Sententias'' extends power of Bishop of Rome by allowing him authority over bishops within his own jurisdiction.
*380 Christianity established as the official faith of the Roman Empire by Emperor [[Theodosius the Great]]; [[Council of Saragossa]] condemns [[Priscillianism]].
*406 Invasion of Gaul by Germanic tribes, severing contact between Rome and Britain.
*407 Death of [[John Chrysostom]] in exile.
*409 Permission was formally given by the Zoroastrian King [[w:Yazdegerd I|Yezdegerd]] to Christians to worship openly and rebuild destroyed churches, though they were not allowed to proselytize (some historians call this decree the [[Edict of Milan]] for the [[Assyrian Church of the East|Assyrian Christian church]]).
*410 Fall of Rome to the Visigoths under Alaric I; escape of [[Patrick of Ireland|Patrick]] back to Britain; Emperor Honorius tells Britain to attend to its own affairs, effectively removing the Roman presence; [[Honoratus]] founds a monastery on island of Lerins.
*410 The [[w:Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon|Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon]] declares Mesopotamian (Council of Mar Isaac) met in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, capitol of the Sassanid Empire of Persia, extending official recognition to the Empire's Christian community, (known as the [[NestorianismAssyrian Church of the East|NestorianChurch of the East]] bishops after 431 AD), and established the Bp. of Seleucia-Ctesiphon as its ''[[w:List of Patriarchs of the Church of the East|Catholicos]],'' or leader, declaring him to be supreme among the Bps. of the East, independent of other Orthodox bishopsBps; this established a hierarchical Christian Church in Iran, with a patriarchate at Ctesiphon and metropolitans in the capitals of five Persian provinces; it also declared its adherence to the decisions of the [[w:First Ecumenical Council|Council of Nicea]] and subscribed to the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed|Nicene Creed]].
*411 [[Pelagius]] condemned at council in Carthage; [[Rabbula of Edessa|Rabbula]] becomes bishop of Edessa.
*412 [[Cyril of Alexandria|Cyril]] succeeds his uncle Theophilus as Pope of Alexandria; Honorius outlaws [[Donatism]]; Lazarus, bishop of Aix-en-Provence, and Herod, bishop of Arles, expelled from sees on a charge of [[Manichaeism]]; ''[[Byzantine_Creation_Era#Alexandrian_Era|Alexandrian Creation Era]]'' date finalized at 25 March, 5493 BC.
*418 Foundation of the Arian [[w:Visigothic Kingdom|Visigothic Kingdom]], as Emperor Honorius rewards Visigoth federates by giving them land in Gallia Aquitania on which to settle.
*418-24 Council in Carthage anathematizes [[Pelagianism]] by way of endorsing [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustinian]] [[anthropology]].
*424 Formal separation of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] ("East Syrian Church", "Persian Church", "Chaldean Syrian Church", or "Nestorian Church"), from the [[Church of Antioch|See of Antioch]]: the Synod of Dadyeshu met in Markabata of the Arabs, under the presidency of Mar Dadyeshu, proclaiming the independence of the Iranian Church from Byzantium, deciding that the ''Catholicos'' should be the sole head of the [[Assyrian Church of the East|Church of the East]] and that no ecclesiastical authority should be acknowledged above him, referring to him for the first time as ''Patriarch,'' answerable to God alone (thus also reassuring the Sassandid monarchy that Persian Christians were not influenced by the Roman enemy).
*425 Sanhedrin disbanded by the Roman Empire; [[w:University of Constantinople|University of Constantinople]] founded as the first university in the world.
*426 [[Augustine of Hippo]] writes ''The City of God''.
