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→1721-1917 Holy Synod
* Stefan Yavorskiy, Metrop. of Ryazan, Coadjutor (1700-1721)
====1721-1917 Holy Synod====
The beginning of the 18th century in Russia was marked by sweeping reforms carried out by Peter I. The reforms did not leave the Russian Church untouched. After the death of Patriarch Adrian in 1700 , Peter I, he delayed the election of the new Primate of the Church and .He established, in 1721, a collective supreme administration known as the Holy and Governing [[holy Synod|Synod]]. The Synod remained the supreme church body in the Russian Church for almost two centuries.
In the Synodal period, the Church paid a special attention to the development of religious education and mission in the provinces. Old churches were restored and new churches were built.
**Vladimir (1898-1912)
**Macarius II (1912-1917)
====1917 – (now) Patriarchs of Moscow and all Russia ====
Early in the 20th century the Russian Church began preparations for convening an All-Russian Council. But it was to be convened only after the 1917 Revolution. Among its major actions was the restoration of the patriarchal office in the Russian Church. The Council elected Metropolitan Tikhon of Moscow Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (1917-1925).