*1204 Latin Occupation, mainland Greece under Franks and Venetians.

*1235 St. Olympiada and nuns martyred by pirates on Mitilene (Lesbos).

*1275/76 Persecution of Athonite monks by Emp. Michael VIII and Pat. John Vekkos, Death of 26 martyrs of Zographou monastery on Mt. [[Athos]], martyred by the Latins.*1309 Rhodes falls to the Knights of St. John, who establish their headquarters there, renaming themselves the "Knights of Rhodes".*1336 [[Meteora]] in Greece are established as a center of Orthodox [[monasticism]].*1338 [[Gregory Palamas]] writes ''Triads in defense of the Holy Hesychasts'', defending the Orthodox practice of [[Hesychasm|hesychast spirituality]] and the use of the [[Jesus Prayer]].*1359 Death of [[Gregory Palamas]].*1360 Death of [[John Koukouzelis]] the Hymnographer*1382 Founding of the Great Meteora Monastery*14th-Century "Golden Age" of Thessaloniki, many churches and monasteries are built; [[Hesychast controversy]], defense of St.[[Gregory Palamas]]*1426 Death of New Martyr [[Ephraim of Nea Makri]]*1429 The Turks capture Thessaloniki*1430 The [[monks]] of [[Mount Athos]] submit to Sultan Murad II and keep their autonomy*1438 [[Council of Florence]] unsuccessfully tries to unit Greek East and Latin West.*1450 Death of ''Empress Helena Palaeologus'' (St. [[Ipomone of Loutraki]])