8,923
edits
Changes
links; completed list of eastern catholic churches;
*1054 '''Great Schism between East and West''', generally regarded as having been completed by the act of the Fourth Crusade in 1204.
====Within Orthodoxy====
*1265-1310 '''Arsenite Schism'''.
*ca.1666-67 '''Old Believers''' became separated after 1666-1667 from the hierarchy of the Church of Russia as a protest against church reforms introduced by Patriarch Nikon of Moscow.
*1990 '''Ukrainian Orthodox Church-Kiev Patriarchate''' (UOC-KP).
*1378-1417 '''Western Great Schism''' ensues, including simultaneous reign of three Popes of Rome.
*1723 The '''Church of Holland''', (or '''Church of Utrecht''') broke with Rome under its own archbishop and hierarchy, becoming the mother church of the Old Catholic Churches.
*1889 Federation of '''Old Catholic Churches''', not in communion with Rome, at the Union of Utrecht.
=====Eastern Catholic Churches=====The Vatican'''Maronites'''*685 John Maron elected first Maronite patriarch, founding s [[w:Annuario Pontificio|Annuario Pontificio]] gives the Maronite following list of 22 Eastern Catholic ChurchChurches and of countries (or other political areas, consisting of more than country) in which embraced Monothelitism, rejected the teaching they possess an episcopal ecclesiastical jurisdiction (date of the Fifth Ecumenical Council, and separated from the Orthodox Church. *694 Byzantine army of Justinian II defeated by Maronites, who became fully independent.*1182 Maronites, who assisted the Crusaders during the Crusades, reaffirm their affiliation with Rome union or foundation in 1182.parenthesis):
:'''Ukrainian Greek Alexandrian liturgical tradition''' :#'''[[w:Coptic Catholic Church|Coptic Catholic Church]]'''(patriarchate): Egypt (1741) *1596 Union of Brest-Litovsk, several million Ukrainian and Byelorussian Orthodox Christians, living under Polish rule, leave the :#'''[[w:Ethiopian Catholic Church|Ethiopian Catholic Church of Constantinople and recognize the Pope of Rome, without giving up their Byzantine liturgy and customs]]''' (metropolia): Ethiopia, creating the Uniate church.Eritrea (1846)
:'''Antiochian (Antiochene or West-Syrian) liturgical tradition''':#'''[[w:Maronite Church|Maronite Church]]''' (patriarchate): Lebanon, Cyprus, Jordan, Israel, Palestinian Authority, Egypt, Syria, Argentina, Brazil, United States, Australia, Canada, Mexico (union re-affirmed 1182) ::*685 John Maron elected first Maronite patriarch, founding the Maronite Catholic Church, which embraced Monothelitism, rejected the teaching of the Fifth Ecumenical Council, and separated from the Orthodox Church.::*694 Byzantine army of Justinian II defeated by Maronites, who became fully independent.::*1182 Maronites, who assisted the Crusaders during the Crusades, reaffirm their affiliation with Rome in 1182.:#'''[[w:Syriac Catholic Church|Syriac Catholic Church]]''' (patriarchate): Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Palestinian Authority, Egypt, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, United States and Canada, Venezuela (1781).<br>:#'''[[w:Syro-Malankara Catholic Church|Syro-MalabarMalankara Catholic Church]]'''(major archiepiscopate): India, United States (1930).::*1930 Some of the New Party (Puthankuttukar), joined the Catholic Communion on on September 20, 1930 as the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church.
:'''Syrian Armenian liturgical tradition''':#'''[[w:Armenian Catholic Church|Armenian CatholicChurch]]'''(patriarchate): Lebanon, Iran, Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Turkey, Jordan, Palestinian Authority, Ukraine, France, Greece, Latin America, Argentina, Romania, United States, Canada, Eastern Europe (1742)
:'''Syro-Malankara CatholicChaldean or East Syrian liturgical tradition''' :#'''Armenian [[w:Chaldean Catholic Church|Chaldean CatholicChurch]]'''(patriarchate): Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Egypt, Syria, Turkey, United States (1692) :#'''Coptic [[w:Syro-Malabar CatholicChurch|Syro-Malabar Church]]'''(major archiepiscopate): India, Middle East, Europe and America (date disputed) ::*1599 The Synod of Diamper, held at Udayamperoor/Diamper, (Kerala, India) formally united the ancient Christian Church of the Malabar Coast Saint Thomas Christians with the Roman Catholic Church, and severed its direct ties with the Assyrian church of the East.::*1653 A group of the Saint Thomas Christians gathered at Mattancherry near Fort Kochi under the leadership of their archdeacon; They swore the '''Chaldean Catholic'Coonan Cross Oath''not to obey the Pope of Rome; subsequently they received a bishop, Mar Gregory, from the Syriac Orthodox Church of West Syrian tradition; those who accepted Mar Gregory became known as the New Party (Puthankuttukar). '''Ethiopian ::*1663 A large section of the Old Party (Pazhayakuttukur) cut its ancient ties with the churches in Persia and joined the Catholic'''Communion in 1663 AD with the ordination of Chandy Bishop. This section is presently known as Syro-Malabar Church.
:'''Byzantine (Constantinopolitan) liturgical tradition'''
:#'''[[w:Albanian Greek-Catholic Church|Albanian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (apostolic administration): Albania (1628).
:#'''[[w:Belarusian Greek Catholic Church|Belarusian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (no established hierarchy at present): Belarus (1596).
:#'''[[w:Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church|Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (apostolic exarchate): Bulgaria (1861).
:#'''[[w:Croatian Greek Catholic Church|Byzantine Church of the Eparchy of Križevci]]''' (an eparchy and an apostolic exarchate): Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro (1611).
:#'''[[w:Greek Byzantine Catholic Church|Greek Byzantine Catholic Church]]''' (two apostolic exarchates): Greece, Turkey (1829).
:#'''[[w:Hungarian Greek Catholic Church|Hungarian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (an eparchy and an apostolic exarchate): Hungary (1646).
:#'''[[w:Italo-Greek Catholic Church|Italo-Albanian Catholic Church]]''' (two eparchies and a territorial abbacy): Italy (Never separated).
:#'''[[w:Macedonian Greek Catholic Church|Macedonian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (an apostolic exarchate): Republic of Macedonia (1918).
:#'''[[w:Melkite Greek Catholic Church|Melkite Greek Catholic Church]]''' (patriarchate): Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Brazil, United States, Canada, Mexico, Iraq, Egypt and Sudan, Kuwait, Australia, Venezuela, Argentina (1726).
:#'''[[w:Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic|Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic]]''' (major archiepiscopate): Romania, United States (1697).
:#'''[[w:Russian Catholic Church|Russian Catholic Church]]''': (two apostolic exarchates, at present with no published hierarchs): Russia, China (1905); currently about 20 parishes and communities scattered around the world, including five in Russia itself, answering to bishops of other jurisdictions.
:#'''[[w:Ruthenian Catholic Church|Ruthenian Catholic Church]]''' (a sui juris metropolia, an eparchy, and an apostolic exarchate): United States, Ukraine, Czech Republic (1646).
:#'''[[w:Slovak Greek Catholic Church|Slovak Greek Catholic Church]]''' (metropolia): Slovak Republic, Canada (1646).
:#'''[[w:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]]''' (major archiepiscopate): Ukraine, Poland, United States, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, Germany and Scandinavia, France, Brazil, Argentina (1596).
::*1596 Union of Brest-Litovsk, several million Ukrainian and Byelorussian Orthodox Christians, living under Polish rule, leave the Church of Constantinople and recognize the Pope of Rome, without giving up their Byzantine liturgy and customs, creating the Uniate church.
== Non-Chalcedonian ==
===Oriental Orthodox Communion===
====[[Church of Alexandria (Coptic)]]====
*ca.451 Coptic Christianity broke from the Byzantine churches in the wake of the Fourth Ecumenical Council in Chalcedon in 451; Shenouda the Great, abbott of White Monastery in Egypt (d.466), is considered the founder of Coptic Christianity.
====[[Church of Antioch (Syriac)]]====
*541 Jacob Baradeus organizes the Non-Chalcedonian Church in western Syria (the "Jacobites"), which spreads to Armenia and Egypt. Church of Antioch (Syriac).
*544 Jacob Baradeus consecrates Sergius of Tella as bishop of Antioch, opening the lasting schism between the Syriac Orthodox Church and the Chalcedonian Church of Antioch.
====[[Church of Armenia|Armenian Apostolic Church]]====
*554 Church of Armenia (Armenian Apostolic Church) officially breaks with West in 554, during the second Council of Dvin where the dyophysite formula of Chalcedon was rejected.
====[[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]]====
*1959 Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, (Abbysinia), is an Oriental Orthodox church in Ethiopia that was part of the Coptic Church until 1959, when it was granted its own Patriarch by Coptic Pope Cyril VI.
====[[Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church]]====
*1993 Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church was formerly a part of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, its autocephaly being reluctantly recognized by the Ethiopian Patriarchate after Eritrea gained its independence in the 1993.
====[[Church of India|The Church of India (Malankara)]]==== *
===Other===
====[[Assyrian Church of the East]]====
*410 Council of Seleucia declares Mesopotamian Nestorian bishops independent of Orthodox bishops.
*424 Formal separation of the Assyrian Chruch of the East ("'''Syrian Church'''" or the "'''Persian Church'''"), from the See of Antioch and the western Syrian Church under the Byzantine Emperors, occurred at a synod in 424; (in India, it is known as the '''Chaldean Syrian Church'''; In the West it is often known as the '''Nestorian Church''').