The '''Holy Orthodox Church in North America''' (HOCNA) is an [[Old Calendarists|Old Calendarist]] jurisdiction initially formed by former members of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America]] who joined the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]] in protest of the excessive ecumenical activities of Patriarch [[Athenagoras I (Spyrou) of Constantinople ]] and Archbishop [[Iakovos (Coucouzis) of North and South America]]. In December 1987, these communities left the Russian Church and following a brief period under two independent [[Old Calendarist]] bishops in Greece, were received by the Greek [[Old Calendarist]] Synod of Archbishop Auxentios of Athens. HOCNA is not in communion with any mainstream Orthodox church.