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The '''Russian Orthodox Old-Rite Church''' (or '''Russian Orthodox Oldritualist Church''', '''Russian Orthodox Old-Ritualist Church''', Russian Русская Православная Старообрядческая Церковь) is an [[Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox Church]] of the [[Old Believers]] tradition, born from a [[schism]] within the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] following the liturgical reforms of [[Nikon of Moscow|Patriarch Nikon]] in the second half of seventeenth century (Old Believers). It is one of the two Old Believers churches that belong to the [[Belfya Belaya Krinitsa Hierarchy]]—the other being its "Mother Church", the Orthodox Old-Rite Church, sometimes also called [[Lipovan Orthodox Oldritualist Church]].
Since the 18th century until the Council of 1988, the official self-designation of this Church was the '''Old Orthodox Church of Christ''' (''Древлеправославная Церковь Христова'') which should not be confused with [[Russian Old-Orthodox Church]], another church of the Old Believers. ''Drevlepravoslavie'' ("Old/Ancient Orthodoxy") was the common self-designation of the Old Believers and their cause since the seventeenth century.