<strike>[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]] teaches that everyone bears not only the consequence, but also the guilt, of that sin(CCC 419). This difference between the two [[Church]]es in their understanding of the original sin Original Sin was one of the doctrinal reasons that led the Catholic Church to devise their [[dogma]] of the '[[Immaculate Conception]]' in the 19th century, a dogma that is completely rejected by the Orthodox Church.</strike>(If this is historic RC teaching, it needs to be documented -- quotes from Romanides are not sufficient here. Certainly it is not the teaching today, see the CCC. Modern Orthodox polemics can be traced back to Fr. John Meyendorff (?)... earlier explanations tended to have a scholastic tone, both in Russia and in Greece)

For decadesThe Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) is easily misunderstood in regards to this topic, at leastespecially since the Roman Catholic faith provides a clear distinction between Original Sin and personal sins which is not easily identifiable to non-Catholics. The Catechism states "original sin does not have the character of a personal fault in any of Adam's descendants" ( CCC 405)[http://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p1s2c1p7.htm]. But when reading this passage, Orthodox teaching has often been contrasted one needs to traditional Roman Catholic teaching identify that this passage tells us that no person besides Adam was personally responsible for his own sin. Only Adam had the intent to sin, not the rest of humanity and thus the rest of humanity could not have inherited Adam's personal sin (Deuteronomy 24:16; Ezekiel 18). But the catechism goes on to say "We therefore hold, with the Council of Trent, that original sinis transmitted with human nature, 'by propagation, not by imitation'" (CCC 419)[http://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p1s2c1p7.htm]. This means, while the rest of mankind is not personally responsible for Adam's sin, they still bear the "guilt" of that sin by propegation or inheritence which needs to be forgiven in baptism. This guilt is seen as being equal to personal mortal sins on the day of Judgement.

Modern [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic teaching]] is best explicated in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which includes this sentence: ""original sin does not have the character of a personal fault in any of Adam's descendants. It is a deprivation of original holiness and justice, but human nature has not been totally corrupted" (see Talk page for details). The Roman Catholic Church has defined its teaching of original sin in multiple councils. The first of these was a [[w:Councils of Orange|Council of Orange]] in 529, which expanded upon the [[w:Augustine of Hippo#Doctrine of Original Sin|teachings]] of [[Augustine of Hippo]], whose interpretation of "all dying in Adam"