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Old Calendarists

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Reverted edit of VovaTom, changed back to last version by Cuca91
==History==
===Greece===
In 1924, the [[bishop]]s of the [[Church of Greece]] implemented the calendar change discussed at the pan-Orthodox congress. Afterwards, the former [[Primate]] of the Church of Greece, [[Germanos of Demetrias]], retired in protest. Lay groups and [[brotherhoods]] formed to keep the use of the [[Julian calendar]] (or the "Orthodox calendar," as they prefer it to be called) alive, despite state persecution (Greece was an Orthodox country, and the Church enjoyedcertain privileges from the state) and finally, in 1935, three bishops, certain that waiting for a reversal of the calendar change was irresponsible to their flocks, immediately declared their separation from the official Church and declared that the calendar change was a schismatic act.
====The Florinite/Matthewite Schism====
By the 1940s, two parties had formed within the Church of Greece: the [[Florinites]] (under Metropolitan [[Chrysostom of Florina]]) and the [[Matthewites]] (under Bp. [[Matthew of Bresthena]]). The issue had been the former's vacillation on whether the mysteries of the State Church were still grace-filled. Both sides had their respective justifications for their positions, and both were violently persecuted by the state. The Matthewites were holding a more consistently applied position. That they labelled the Florinites as a whole as opportunists who were trying to ingratiate themselves with the state was unfortunate, and not altogether true for the followers of Metropolitan Chrysostom, and so the parties became psychologically distinct.
In the end, a real physical division was formed, whereas a real doctrinal division ended: Bishop Matthew singlehandedly consecrated another bishop, and together they made more new bishops. After the death of Bishop Matthew, however, Chrysostom of Florina reaffirmed the decision of 1935 declaring the New Calendar State Church as [[schism]]atic. (The reasons for this are unclear, and speculations give various answers.) In any case, the Matthewites proceeded to elect Archbishop Agathagelos to the rank of Primate of Athens in 1958.
We will deal first with the major divisions of the Florinites, since their divisions have generally been larger and more permanent in nature, and then the Matthewites.
<div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; ">==Divisions within the Florinites==== [After the death of Metropolitan Chrysostom, the Florinites had no bishops, and Metropolitan Chrysostom advised his flock to go under the protection of the Matthewite bishops. Fearing the repercussions, however, the Florinites opted to seek a new hierarchy and appealed to Bishops of the [http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]] [http://WTHP2to help them. In 1960, Archimandrite Akakios Pappas was made a bishop with the title of Bishop of Diavlia for these communities without the official blessing of the ROCOR Synod by Archbishop Leonty of Chile and Bp.coolhostTheophilos Ionescu, a Romanian New Calendar Bishop under the ROCOR.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3The following year, the ROCOR ordained the Archimandrite Petros Astyfides as Bishop of Astoria in order to serve as archpastor of the Greek Old Calendarist immigrant communities in the United States and Canada.coolhostLater Bp.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4Akakios of Diavlia and Bp.coolhostTheophilos made 5 more bishops in Greece.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5Thus in 1961, Akakios of Diavlia became the new First-Hierarch of the restored Florinite Synod.coolhostHe died, however, in 1963.biz] [[http://WTHP6The Synod thus proceeded to elect Auxentios Pastras, Bishop of Gardikion, to be their new leader as Archbishop of Athens.coolhostThe ROCOR under Metropolitan Philaret eventually recognized the validity of the secret consecrations in 1969.biz WTHPD6]] </div>
All of the current divisions of the Florinites come from one of the groups below:
'''The Auxentios Synod''': The First Florinite Synod of the True Orthodox Church of Greece was fraught with problems by the 1970s, and two major separations occurred during the lifetime of Archbishop Auxentios. However, few doubt that Archbishop Auxentios himself was of a saintly character, albeit a poor bishop. Recently there have been attempts to rehabilitate his memory (Archbishop Auxentios died in 1994); most of his synod, barely held together by the 1980s, dissolved after his death into the three jurisdictions listed below. In 1986, Auxentios was removed from the Archdiocese of Athens and the leadership of the Old Calendar Church of Greece by a majority the Florinite bishops on account of a series of controversial episcopal ordinations conducted in the early 1980s with his apparent censent. Having the support of the dissenting minority of bishops, Auxentios proceeded to re-form his Synod. He died in 1994, having failed to reconcile with the rest of the Florinite Synod, under Chrysostom Kiousis. The remaining parishes of the Auxentios Synod, however, elected Archbishop Maximos of Kephalonia to the throne of Athens on January 7, 1995. In North America and Europe, the parishes loyal to Auxentios under the American Bishops organized around Holy Transfiguration Monastery in Boston (see HOCNA), left the Synod, and elected Makarios of Toronto as locum tenens of the see of Athens.
'''[[Genuine Orthodox Church of Greece (Florinite)|The Chrysostomite Synod]]''': Amidst charges of maladministration, the majority of the Florinite synod chose in 1986 a new leader in Archbishop Chrysostom (Kiousis), who demonstrated rather effectively that the True Orthodox in Greece were a force to be reckoned with. Choosing to take on the Greek legal system, court cases were held where it was demonstrated that the Old Calendarists of Greece were not schismatics. Though their public reputation had been tarnished over decades, their legal existence was, and is presently, safe. The synod of Chrysostom of Athens is today the largest synod of the True Orthodox Church of Greece.
<div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] '''The [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz Holy Synod in Resistance| WTHPD3Synod-in-Resistance]] [httpof Metropolitan Cyprian of Fili'''://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] While this church's official [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6ecclesiology]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1is peculiar, the amount of work that Metropolitan Cyprian of Fili and his synod have done to assist True Orthodox throughout the world is impressive, and must be noted.coolhostThe church itself is rather small, but has been very effective in presenting intellectual arguments against the New Calendar State Church.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>     <div id="wikitikitavi" style="overflow:auto; height: 1px; "> [[http://WTHP1.coolhost.biz] [WTHPD1]] [http://WTHP2.coolhost.biz WTHPD2] [[http://WTHP3.coolhost.biz | WTHPD3]] [http://WTHP4.coolhost.biz | WTHPD4] [WTHPD5 | http://WTHP5.coolhost.biz] [[http://WTHP6.coolhost.biz WTHPD6]] </div>It is headed by another defector from the Auxentios Synod, Cyprian (Koutsoumbas) of Fili, and holds a unique ecclesiology of “sick
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