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He actively promoted the convening of the [[Fourth Ecumenical Council]], at Chalcedon in 451, to condemn the heresy of the [[Monophysitism|Monophysites]].
At the Council of Chalcedon, at which 630 bishops were present, a letter of Leo to the deceased St. [[Flavian the Confessor|Flavian]], [[Patriarch of Constantinople]] (447-449), was read. Flavian had suffered for Orthodoxy under the [[Robber Council of Ephesus]] in the year 449. In the letter of Leo, the Orthodox teaching about the two natures of Christ, divine and human, was set forth. All the bishops present at the Council were in agreement with this teaching, and so the heretics Eutyches and [[Dioscorus of Alexandria|Dioscorus]] were [[excommunicate]]d from the Church.
==Defender of his country==