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The '''Archbishop of Canterbury''' is the [[primate]] of the Church of England and the spiritual head of the [[Anglican Communion]].  His see is at Canterbury Cathedral in Kent, England and his residence is Lambeth Palace in London.  The current Archbishop of Canterbury is the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Rowan Williams, 104th successor to the Chair of St. [[Augustine of Canterbury]].
+
The '''Archbishop of Canterbury''' is "the [[primate]] of all England" within the Church of England and the spiritual head of the [[Anglican Communion]].  His see is at Canterbury Cathedral in Kent, England and his residence is Lambeth Palace in London.   
  
==The Current Archbishop==
+
==The current archbishop==
 +
The current Archbishop of Canterbury is the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Justin Welby, 105th holder of the Chair of St. [[Augustine of Canterbury]].
  
Rowan Douglas Williams was born in Wales on [[June 14]], 1950.  He studied theology at Christ’s College of Cambridge University where he doctoral work on the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] Church and particularly the thought of [[Vladimir Lossky]].  For some years he was a professor of theology at Oxford University.  In 1992 he was elevated to Anglican Bishop of Monmouth, and then in 2000 he was made Anglican Archbishop of Wales.  In 2002 he was elevated to the throne of St. [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine]].
+
==The previous archbishop==
 
+
Rowan Douglas Williams was born in Wales on [[June 14]], 1950.  He studied theology at Christ's College of Cambridge University where he doctoral work on the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] Church and particularly the thought of [[Vladimir Lossky]].  For some years he was a professor of theology at Oxford University.  In 1992 he was elevated to Anglican Bishop of Monmouth, and then in 2000 he was made Anglican Archbishop of Wales.  In 2002 he was elevated to Archbishop of Canterbury, from which he retired in 2012.  
A prolific writer, Dr. Williams has published books in theology, spirituality, Christian history and poetry.  Of particular interest to Orthodox Christians might be two books of meditations on [[iconography|icons]], entitled ''The Dwelling of the Light: Praying With Icons of Christ'' and ''Ponder These Things: Praying With Icons of the Virgin''.
 
  
 +
A prolific writer, Dr. Williams has published books in theology, spirituality, Christian history and poetry.  Of particular interest to Orthodox Christians might be two books of meditations on [[iconography|icons]], entitled ''The Dwelling of the Light: Praying With Icons of Christ'' (ISBN 0802827780) and ''Ponder These Things: Praying With Icons of the Virgin'' (ISBN 1580511244).  He is also the editor of the book ''Sergii Bulgakov: Towards a Russian Political Theology'' (ISBN 056708650X).
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
 +
Christianity reached England by the middle of the second century.  As St. [[Bede]] relates in his ''[[Ecclesiastical History of the English People]]'', in 156 a British King by the name of Lucius wrote to Eleutherus, bishop of Rome, asking to be made a Christian.  (Bk 1, Chap 4)  With the work of missionaries throughout the first few centuries AD, Christianity spread and took root. 
  
Christianity reached England by the middle of the second century.  As St. [[Bede]] relates in his ''Ecclesiastical History of the English People'', in 156 a British King by the name of Lucius wrote to Eleutherus, bishop of Rome, asking to be made a Christian.  (Bk 1, Chap 4)  With the work of missionaries throughout the first few centuries AD, Christianity spread and took root. 
+
In 596 Pope [[Gregory the Great]] decided to send a mission to the Anglo-Saxons in the British Isles.  He chose a to send a group of [[Rule of St. Benedict|Benedictine]] monks, under the leadership of St. [[Augustine of Canterbury]] (not to be confused with [[Augustine of Hippo]]).  Augustine and his fellow monks arrived in Kent in 597 and eventually a see city was set up in Canterbury, Augustine being the first Archbishop.  It is said that that when they arrived they were "carrying a silver cross and an image of Jesus Christ painted on a board, which thus became, so far as we know, 'Canterbury's first [[icon]].'" (''Lesser Feasts and Fasts'', p. 252)
 
 
In 596 Pope [[Gregory the Great]] decided to send a mission to the Anglo-Saxons in the British Isles.  He chose a to send a group of Benedictine monks, under the leadership of St. [[Augustine of Canterbury]] (not to be confused with [[Augustine of Hippo]]).  Augustine and his fellow monks arrived in Kent in 597 and eventually a see city was set up in Canterbury, Augustine being the first Archbishop.  It is said that that when they arrived they were "carrying a silver cross and an image of Jesus Christ painted on a board, which thus became, so far as we know, 'Canterbury's first icon.'" (''Lesser Feasts and Fasts'' p. 252)
 
  
 
With Augustine and those who came after him, the British Isles were slowly put under the authority of the Church of Rome.  As with the rest of the Western Church, this authority increased over the next 500 years.
 
With Augustine and those who came after him, the British Isles were slowly put under the authority of the Church of Rome.  As with the rest of the Western Church, this authority increased over the next 500 years.
Line 20: Line 20:
 
In the 16th century, England, influenced both by political factors and the Continental Reformation, broke away from [[Roman Catholic Church|Rome]] and became an independent Church.  Thus, the list of successive Archbishops of Canterbury, can be categorized according to three groups: Orthodox Archbishops, Roman Catholic Archbishops and Reformation Archbishops (see below).
 
In the 16th century, England, influenced both by political factors and the Continental Reformation, broke away from [[Roman Catholic Church|Rome]] and became an independent Church.  Thus, the list of successive Archbishops of Canterbury, can be categorized according to three groups: Orthodox Archbishops, Roman Catholic Archbishops and Reformation Archbishops (see below).
  
==Archbishops of Canterbury Throughout History==
+
==Archbishops of Canterbury throughout history==
 
+
===Orthodox Archbishops of Canterbury===
===Post-Reformation Archbishops of Canterbury===
+
*1. St. [[Augustine of Canterbury]], 597-605
 
+
*2. St. [[Laurence of Canterbury]] (aka Laurentius), 605-619
*2002  Rowan Douglas Williams
+
*3. St. [[Mellitus|Mellitus]], 619-624
*1991 George Leonard Carey
+
*4. St. [[Justus|Justus]], 624-627
*1980 Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie
+
*5. St. [[Honorius of Canterbury]], 627-653
*1974 Frederick Donald Coggan
+
*6. St. [[Deusdedit of Canterbury]], 655-664
*1961 Arthur Michael Ramsey
+
*7. St. [[Theodore of Tarsus]], 668-690
*1945 Geoffrey Francis Fisher
+
*8. St. [[Berhtwald]], 693-731
*1942 William Temple
+
*9. St. [[Tatwine]], 731-734
*1928 William Cosmo Gordon Lang
+
*10. St. [[Nothelm]], 734-740
*1903 Randall Thomas Davidson
+
*11. St. [[Cuthbert of Canterbury]], 740-758
*1896 Frederick Temple
+
*12. St. [[Bregowine]], 759-762
*1883 Edward White Benson
+
*13. Jaenbert, 763-790
*1868 Archibald Campbell Tait
+
*14. Ethelhard, 790-803
*1862 Charles Thomas Longley
+
*15. Wulfred, 803-829
*1848 John Bird Sumner
+
*16. Feologeld, 829-830
*1828 William Howley
+
*17. Ceolnoth, 830-870
*1805 Charles Manners-Sutton
+
*18. Ethelred of Canterbury, 870-889
*1783 John Moore
+
*19. Plegmund, 891-923
*1768 Frederick Cornwallis
+
*20. Athelm, 923-925
*1758 Thomas Secker
+
*21. Wulfhelm, 928-941
*1757 Matthew Hutton
+
*22. St. [[Oda of Canterbury]], 941-958
*1747 Thomas Herring
+
*23. Aelsine, 958-959
*1737 John Potter
+
*24. Brithelm, 959
*1716 William Wake
+
*25. St. [[Dunstan of Canterbury|Dunstan]], 959-988
*1695 Thomas Tenison
+
*26. Ethelgar, 988-989
*1691 John Tillotson
+
*27. Sigeric, 990-994
*1678 William Sancroft
+
*28. Aelfric, 995-1005
*1663 Gilbert Sheldon
+
*29. St. [[Alphege]], 1006-1-012
*1660 William Juxon
+
*30. Lyfing, 1013-1020
*1633 William Laud
+
*31. Ethelnoth, 1020-1038
*1611 George Abbot
+
*32. Eadsige, 1038-1050
*1604 Richard Bancroft
+
*33. Robert of Jumièges, 1051-1052
*1583 John Whitgift
+
*34. Stigand, 1052-1070
*1576 Edmund Grindal
 
*1559 Matthew Parker
 
*1556 Reginald Pole
 
*1533 Thomas Cranmer
 
  
 
===Roman Catholic Archbishops of Canterbury===
 
===Roman Catholic Archbishops of Canterbury===
*1503 William Warham
+
*35. Lanfranc, 1070-1089
*1501 Henry Deane
+
*36. Anselm, 1093-1109
*1486 John Morton
+
*37. Ralph d'Escures, 1114-1122
*1454 Thomas Bourchier
+
*38. William de Corbeil, 1123-1136
*1452 John Kempe
+
*39. Theobald, 1139-1161
*1443 John Stafford
+
*40. Thomas a Becket, 1162-1170
*1414 Henry Chichele
+
*41. Richard of Dover, 1174-1184
*1399 Thomas Arundel (restored)
+
*42. Baldwin, 1185-1190
*1398 Roger Walden
 
*1396 Thomas Arundel
 
*1381 William Courtenay
 
*1375 Simon Sudbury
 
*1368 William Whittlesey
 
*1366 Simon Langham
 
*1349 Thomas Bradwardine
 
*1349 Simon Islip
 
*1333 John de Stratford
 
*1328 Simon Meopham
 
*1313 Walter Reynolds
 
*1294 Robert Winchelsey
 
*1279 John Peckham
 
*1273 Robert Kilwardby
 
*1245 Boniface of Savoy
 
*1234 Edmund of Abingdon
 
*1229 Richard le Grant
 
*1207 Stephen Langton
 
*1193 Hubert Walter
 
*1184 Baldwin
 
*1174 Richard of Dover
 
*1162 Thomas a Becket
 
*1139 Theobald
 
*1123 William de Corbeil
 
*1114 Ralph d'Escures
 
*1093 Anselm
 
*1070 Lanfranc
 
 
 
===Orthodox Archbishops of Canterbury===
 
  
*1052 Stigand
+
*43. Hubert Walter, 1193-
*1051 Robert of Jumieges
+
*44. Stephen Langton, 1207-1228
*1038 Eadsige
+
*45. Richard le Grant, 1229-1231
*1020 Ethelnoth
+
*46. Edmund of Abingdon, 1233-1240
*1013 Lyfing
+
*47. Boniface of Savoy, 1245-1270
*1005 St. [[Alphege]]
+
*48. Robert Kilwardby, 1273-1278
*995 Aelfric
+
*49. John Peckham, 1279-1292
*990 Sigeric
+
*50. Robert Winchelsey, 1293-1313
*c.988 Ethelgar
+
*51. Walter Reynolds, 1313-1327
*960 St. [[Dunstan]]
+
*52. Simon Meopham, 1327-1333
*959 Aelfsige
+
*53. John de Stratford, 1333-1348
*959 Brithelm
+
*54. Simon Islip, 1349
*942 Oda
+
*55. Thomas Bradwardine, 1349
*923 Wulfhelm
+
*54. Simon Islip,1349-1366
*914 Athelm
+
*56. Simon Langham, 1366-1368
*890 Plegmund
+
*57. William Whittlesey, 1368-1374
*870 Ethelred
+
*58. Simon Sudbury, 1375-1381
*833 Ceolnoth
+
*59. William Courtenay, 1381-1396
*832 Feologeld
+
*60. Thomas Arundel, 1396-1398
*805 Wulfred
+
*61. Roger Walden, 1398-
*793 Ethelhard
+
*60. Thomas Arundel (restored), 1399-
*765 Jaenbert
+
*62. Henry Chichele, 1414-1443
*761 Bregowine
+
*63. John Stafford, 1443-1452
*740 Cuthbert
+
*64. John Kempe, 1452-1454
*735 Nothelm
+
*65. Thomas Bourchier, 1454-1486
*731 Tatwine
+
*66. John Morton, 1486-1500
*693 Berhtwald
+
*67. Henry Deane, 1501-1503
*668 St. [[Theodore of Tarsus]]
+
*68. William Warham, 1503-1532
*655 Deusdedit
 
*627 Honorius
 
*624 Justus
 
*619 Mellitus
 
*604 St. [[Laurence of Canterbury]] (aka Laurentius)
 
*597 St. [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine]]
 
  
 +
===Post-Reformation Archbishops of Canterbury===
 +
*69. Thomas Cranmer, 1553-1556
 +
*70. Reginald Pole, 1556-1558
 +
*71. Matthew Parker, 1559-1575
 +
*72. Edmund Grindal, 1575-1583
 +
*73. John Whitgift, 1583-1604
 +
*74. Richard Bancroft, 1604-1610
 +
*75. George Abbot, 1611-1633
 +
*76. William Laud, 1633-1645
 +
*77. William Juxon, 1660-1663
 +
*78. Gilbert Sheldon, 1663-1677
 +
*79. William Sancroft, 1678-1691
 +
*80. John Tillotson, 1691-1694
 +
*81. Thomas Tenison, 1694-1715
 +
*82. William Wake, 1716-1737
 +
*83. John Potter, 1737-1747
 +
*84. Thomas Herring, 1747-1757
 +
*85. Matthew Hutton, 1757-1758
 +
*86. Thomas Secker, 1758-1768
 +
*87. Frederick Cornwallis, 1768-1783
 +
*88. John Moore, 1783-1805
 +
*89. Charles Manners-Sutton, 1805-1828
 +
*90. William Howley, 1828-1848
 +
*91. John Bird Sumner, 1848-1862
 +
*92. Charles Thomas Longley, 1862-1868
 +
*93. Archibald Campbell Tait, 1868-1882
 +
*94. Edward White Benson, 1882-1896
 +
*95. Frederick Temple, 1896-1902
 +
*96. Randall Thomas Davidson, 1903-1928
 +
*97. William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1928-1942
 +
*98. William Temple, 1942-1944
 +
*99. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, 1945-1961
 +
*100. Arthur Michael Ramsey, 1961-1974
 +
*101. Frederick Donald Coggan, 1974-1980
 +
*102. Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie, 1980-1991
 +
*103. George Leonard Carey, 1991-2001
 +
*104. Rowan Douglas Williams, 2002-2012
 +
*105. Justin Welby, 2013-
  
==External Links==
+
==External link==
 
* [http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/ Official Website of the Archbishop of Canterbury]
 
* [http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/ Official Website of the Archbishop of Canterbury]
  
 +
[[Category:Bishops]]
 +
[[Category:Bishops of Canterbury|*]]
 
[[Category:Church History]]
 
[[Category:Church History]]
 
[[Category:Non-Orthodox]]
 
[[Category:Non-Orthodox]]

Revision as of 21:01, September 29, 2014

The Archbishop of Canterbury is "the primate of all England" within the Church of England and the spiritual head of the Anglican Communion. His see is at Canterbury Cathedral in Kent, England and his residence is Lambeth Palace in London.

The current archbishop

The current Archbishop of Canterbury is the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Justin Welby, 105th holder of the Chair of St. Augustine of Canterbury.

The previous archbishop

Rowan Douglas Williams was born in Wales on June 14, 1950. He studied theology at Christ's College of Cambridge University where he doctoral work on the Russian Orthodox Church and particularly the thought of Vladimir Lossky. For some years he was a professor of theology at Oxford University. In 1992 he was elevated to Anglican Bishop of Monmouth, and then in 2000 he was made Anglican Archbishop of Wales. In 2002 he was elevated to Archbishop of Canterbury, from which he retired in 2012.

A prolific writer, Dr. Williams has published books in theology, spirituality, Christian history and poetry. Of particular interest to Orthodox Christians might be two books of meditations on icons, entitled The Dwelling of the Light: Praying With Icons of Christ (ISBN 0802827780) and Ponder These Things: Praying With Icons of the Virgin (ISBN 1580511244). He is also the editor of the book Sergii Bulgakov: Towards a Russian Political Theology (ISBN 056708650X).

History

Christianity reached England by the middle of the second century. As St. Bede relates in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People, in 156 a British King by the name of Lucius wrote to Eleutherus, bishop of Rome, asking to be made a Christian. (Bk 1, Chap 4) With the work of missionaries throughout the first few centuries AD, Christianity spread and took root.

In 596 Pope Gregory the Great decided to send a mission to the Anglo-Saxons in the British Isles. He chose a to send a group of Benedictine monks, under the leadership of St. Augustine of Canterbury (not to be confused with Augustine of Hippo). Augustine and his fellow monks arrived in Kent in 597 and eventually a see city was set up in Canterbury, Augustine being the first Archbishop. It is said that that when they arrived they were "carrying a silver cross and an image of Jesus Christ painted on a board, which thus became, so far as we know, 'Canterbury's first icon.'" (Lesser Feasts and Fasts, p. 252)

With Augustine and those who came after him, the British Isles were slowly put under the authority of the Church of Rome. As with the rest of the Western Church, this authority increased over the next 500 years.

Up until the time of the Anglican Reformation, the Archbishop of Canterbury was an appointee of the Bishop of Rome. Thus, at the time of the Great Schism the Church in England went along with the Western side of the break, accepting Papal supremacy and the Filioque.

In the 16th century, England, influenced both by political factors and the Continental Reformation, broke away from Rome and became an independent Church. Thus, the list of successive Archbishops of Canterbury, can be categorized according to three groups: Orthodox Archbishops, Roman Catholic Archbishops and Reformation Archbishops (see below).

Archbishops of Canterbury throughout history

Orthodox Archbishops of Canterbury

Roman Catholic Archbishops of Canterbury

  • 35. Lanfranc, 1070-1089
  • 36. Anselm, 1093-1109
  • 37. Ralph d'Escures, 1114-1122
  • 38. William de Corbeil, 1123-1136
  • 39. Theobald, 1139-1161
  • 40. Thomas a Becket, 1162-1170
  • 41. Richard of Dover, 1174-1184
  • 42. Baldwin, 1185-1190
  • 43. Hubert Walter, 1193-
  • 44. Stephen Langton, 1207-1228
  • 45. Richard le Grant, 1229-1231
  • 46. Edmund of Abingdon, 1233-1240
  • 47. Boniface of Savoy, 1245-1270
  • 48. Robert Kilwardby, 1273-1278
  • 49. John Peckham, 1279-1292
  • 50. Robert Winchelsey, 1293-1313
  • 51. Walter Reynolds, 1313-1327
  • 52. Simon Meopham, 1327-1333
  • 53. John de Stratford, 1333-1348
  • 54. Simon Islip, 1349
  • 55. Thomas Bradwardine, 1349
  • 54. Simon Islip,1349-1366
  • 56. Simon Langham, 1366-1368
  • 57. William Whittlesey, 1368-1374
  • 58. Simon Sudbury, 1375-1381
  • 59. William Courtenay, 1381-1396
  • 60. Thomas Arundel, 1396-1398
  • 61. Roger Walden, 1398-
  • 60. Thomas Arundel (restored), 1399-
  • 62. Henry Chichele, 1414-1443
  • 63. John Stafford, 1443-1452
  • 64. John Kempe, 1452-1454
  • 65. Thomas Bourchier, 1454-1486
  • 66. John Morton, 1486-1500
  • 67. Henry Deane, 1501-1503
  • 68. William Warham, 1503-1532

Post-Reformation Archbishops of Canterbury

  • 69. Thomas Cranmer, 1553-1556
  • 70. Reginald Pole, 1556-1558
  • 71. Matthew Parker, 1559-1575
  • 72. Edmund Grindal, 1575-1583
  • 73. John Whitgift, 1583-1604
  • 74. Richard Bancroft, 1604-1610
  • 75. George Abbot, 1611-1633
  • 76. William Laud, 1633-1645
  • 77. William Juxon, 1660-1663
  • 78. Gilbert Sheldon, 1663-1677
  • 79. William Sancroft, 1678-1691
  • 80. John Tillotson, 1691-1694
  • 81. Thomas Tenison, 1694-1715
  • 82. William Wake, 1716-1737
  • 83. John Potter, 1737-1747
  • 84. Thomas Herring, 1747-1757
  • 85. Matthew Hutton, 1757-1758
  • 86. Thomas Secker, 1758-1768
  • 87. Frederick Cornwallis, 1768-1783
  • 88. John Moore, 1783-1805
  • 89. Charles Manners-Sutton, 1805-1828
  • 90. William Howley, 1828-1848
  • 91. John Bird Sumner, 1848-1862
  • 92. Charles Thomas Longley, 1862-1868
  • 93. Archibald Campbell Tait, 1868-1882
  • 94. Edward White Benson, 1882-1896
  • 95. Frederick Temple, 1896-1902
  • 96. Randall Thomas Davidson, 1903-1928
  • 97. William Cosmo Gordon Lang, 1928-1942
  • 98. William Temple, 1942-1944
  • 99. Geoffrey Francis Fisher, 1945-1961
  • 100. Arthur Michael Ramsey, 1961-1974
  • 101. Frederick Donald Coggan, 1974-1980
  • 102. Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie, 1980-1991
  • 103. George Leonard Carey, 1991-2001
  • 104. Rowan Douglas Williams, 2002-2012
  • 105. Justin Welby, 2013-

External link