Timeline of Orthodoxy in America - Revision history

Magda: /* Emergence of American Orthodoxy (1943-1970) */ spelling of Uppsala

2023-08-16T23:42:06Z

‎Emergence of American Orthodoxy (1943-1970): spelling of Uppsala

Sdoelman at 18:05, May 29, 2020

2020-05-29T18:05:53Z

Katjuscha: /* Early Visits and Missions (530-1900) */ internal link

2015-11-17T02:22:17Z

‎Early Visits and Missions (530-1900): internal link

ASDamick: /* Union and Division (1970-1994) */

2014-09-26T16:49:17Z

‎Union and Division (1970-1994)

Angellight 888: add notes;

2013-10-06T15:05:03Z

add notes;

Angellight 888: 1804; 1843;

2013-10-06T13:56:15Z

1804; 1843;

Angellight 888: 1886;

2013-10-05T23:20:09Z

1886;

Angellight 888: /* Emergence of American Orthodoxy (1943-1970) */ 1963

2013-01-20T23:30:01Z

‎Emergence of American Orthodoxy (1943-1970): 1963

Angellight 888: /* Ligonier and Beyond (1994-present) */ 2010; 2011; 2012;

2013-01-10T21:01:45Z

‎Ligonier and Beyond (1994-present): 2010; 2011; 2012;

Andrew: 2012

2012-11-15T15:10:22Z

2012

@@ Line 117: / Line 117: @@
 *1966 Death of Metr. [[Antony (Bashir) of New York|Antony (Bashir)]]; election and consecration of [[Philip (Saliba) of New York|Philip (Saliba)]] as Metropolitan of [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Syrian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of New York]]; founding of [[Hellenic College (Brookline, Massachusetts)]]; death of [[John Maximovitch]]; death of [[Aftimios Ofiesh]]; Fr. [[Alexander Schmemann]] travels to Constantinople to intercede for Metropolia but is rebuffed; first founding of [[OISM]].
 *1967 Consecration of [[Theodosius (Lazor) of Washington|Theodosius (Lazor) of Sitka]]; [[Church of Constantinople]] orders [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|Greek Archdiocese]] to suspend communion with [[OCA|Metropolia]]; [[All-American_Sobor#Thirteenth_All-American_Sobor|13th All-American Sobor]] of Metropolia held in New York City.
-*1968 Meeting between Metropolia representatives and Moscow Patriarchate in Upsala, Sweden, discussing [[autocephaly]] for the Metropolia; Synod of Bishops of Metropolia decides to start official exploratory negotiations with MP.
+*1968 Meeting between Metropolia representatives and Moscow Patriarchate in Uppsala, Sweden, discussing [[autocephaly]] for the Metropolia; Synod of Bishops of Metropolia decides to start official exploratory negotiations with MP.
 *1969 Consecration of [[Dmitri (Royster) of Dallas|Dmitri (Royster)]] (seen by many to be first convert bishop); official autocephaly meetings of Metropolia with Moscow Patriarchate take place in New York City, Tokyo and Geneva; Metr. [[Philaret (Voznesensky) of New York]] issues the first of a series of "Sorrowful Epistles" (1969,1971,1975) to the primates of the local Orthodox Churches, condemning forays into [[ecumenism]].

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 *1767 Community of Orthodox Greeks establishes itself in New Smyrna, Spanish Florida.
 *1787 The US Constitution is drafted in Philadelphia, embodying the ideal of secular government with deliberate separation of "church and state" (First Amendment).
-*1794 Missionaries, including [[Herman of Alaska]], arrive at Kodiak Island, bringing Orthodoxy to Russian Alaska.
+*1794 [[Missionaries]], including [[Herman of Alaska]], arrive at Kodiak Island, bringing Orthodoxy to Russian Alaska.
 *1796 Martyrdom of [[Juvenaly of Alaska]].
 *1799 Ioasaph (Bolotov) [[consecration of a bishop|consecrated]] in Irkutsk as first [[bishop]] for Alaska, but dies in a shipwreck during his return.
@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 *1882 Bp. [[Nestor (Zass) of the Aleutians|Nestor (Zass)]] drowns in Bering Sea.
 *1883 Fr. [[Nicholas Bjerring]], priest of the Russian chapel in New York City, converts to Presbyterianism.
-*1886-1895 In the face of their shamans' inability to treat Old World diseases including smallpox, many [[w:Tlingit people|Tlingit people]] (an indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America), converted to Orthodox Christianity.<ref>Boyd, Robert Thomas. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=P_FdUPbmwCgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22spirit+of+pestilence%22&ei=sWgQS8bGAqOykAT1pOXcCw#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874].'' Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999. p. 241.</ref><ref group="note">Russian Orthodox missionaries had translated their liturgy into the Tlingit language. It has been argued that they saw Eastern Orthodox Christianity as a way of resisting assimilation to the "American way of life," which was associated with Presbyterianism.<br>
+*1886-1895 In the face of their shamans' inability to treat Old World diseases including smallpox, many [[w:Tlingit people|Tlingit people]] (an indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America), converted to Orthodox Christianity.<ref>Boyd, Robert Thomas. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=P_FdUPbmwCgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22spirit+of+pestilence%22&ei=sWgQS8bGAqOykAT1pOXcCw#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874].'' Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999. p. 241.</ref><ref group="note">Russian Orthodox [[missionaries]] had translated their liturgy into the Tlingit language. It has been argued that they saw Eastern Orthodox Christianity as a way of resisting assimilation to the "American way of life," which was associated with Presbyterianism.<br>
 :*Kan, Sergei. ''Memory Eternal: Tlingit Culture and Russian Orthodox Christianity Through Two Centuries.'' Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1999. pp.xix-xxii.</ref>
 *1888 Bp. [[Vladimir (Sokolovsky-Avtonomov) of the Aleutians|Vladimir (Sokolovsky)]] becomes Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska.

@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 *1890-1917 Greek Immigration to USA: widespread unemployment and economic problems led to migrations to the US of 450,000 Greeks, one-fifth of the total population.
 *1891 Fr. [[Alexis of Wilkes-Barre|Alexis Toth]], a [[Uniate]] priest, petitions to be received along with his parish in Minneapolis into the Russian church; Bp. Nicholas (Adoratsky) assigned as Bishop of Alaska but is transferred before taking up his post; [[Nicholas (Ziorov) of Warsaw|Nicholas (Ziorov)]] becomes ruling bishop of the Alaskan diocese.
-*1892 Fr. [[Alexis of Wilkes-Barre|Alexis Toth]] and his parish in Minneapolis received into Russian church; Carpatho-Russian [[Uniate]] parishes in Illinois, Connecticut, and several in Pennsylvania soon follow; first Serbian parish established in Jackson, California; Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox parish founded in New York City; Greek and Russian parishes founded in Chicago; first American-born person ordained, Fr. [[Sebastian Dabovich]].
+*1892 Fr. [[Alexis of Wilkes-Barre|Alexis Toth]] and his parish in Minneapolis received into Russian church; Carpatho-Russian [[Uniate]] parishes in Illinois, Connecticut, and several in Pennsylvania soon follow; [[St. Sava Church (Jackson, California)|first Serbian parish established in Jackson, California]]; Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox parish founded in New York City; Greek and Russian parishes founded in Chicago; first American-born person ordained, Fr. [[Sebastian Dabovich]].
 *1895 Archim. [[Raphael of Brooklyn|Raphael (Hawaweeny)]] arrives in America; Fr. [[John Kochurov]] arrives in America and becomes priest of the Russian parish in Chicago; Fr. [[Anatole (Kamensky) of Irkutsk|Anatole (Kamensky)]] arrives in Alaska; first Syrian parish in Brooklyn, New York, founded by [[Raphael of Brooklyn]]; first clergy conference, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.
 *1896 Bp. [[Nicholas (Ziorov) of Warsaw|Nicholas (Ziorov)]] reports to the [[Church of Russia#The Synodical Church (1700-1917)|Holy Synod of Russia]] that "the commemoration of the Emperor and the Reigning House during the divine services brings forth dismay and apprehension among Orthodox in America of non-Russian background"; [[Alexander Hotovitsky]] appointed as [[rector]] in New York; [http://www.thecathedralnyc.org/cathedral-history Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church] is chartered by a special act of the New York State Legislature, being the first Greek Church founded in New York.

@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 *1982 Calendar [[schism]] in [[Diocese of Eastern Pennsylvania (OCA)|OCA Diocese of E. Pennsylvania]], [[ROCOR]] receiving multiple parishes in the area.
 *1983 [[All-American_Council#Seventh_All-American_Council|7th All-American Council]] of OCA was held Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
-*1985 Founding of [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center]] (OCMC) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; [[Martyr|martyrdom]] of Father [[John (Karastamatis) of Santa Cruz]].
+*1985 Founding of [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center]] (OCMC) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; murder of Father [[John (Karastamatis) of Santa Cruz]].
 *1986 [[All-American_Council#Eighth_All-American_Council|8th All-American Council]] of OCA held in Washington, D.C.
 *1987 Majority of [[parish]]es of the [[Evangelical Orthodox Church]] received into [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Antiochian Archdiocese]] by Metr. [[Philip (Saliba) of New York|Philip (Saliba)]], becoming the Antiochian Evangelical Orthodox Mission (AEOM).

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 *1841 Return of [[Innocent of Alaska]] to Sitka; sale of Fort Ross property to an American citizen; pastoral school established in Sitka.
 * 1843 First mission school for the [[w:Eskimos|Eskimos]] was established at [[w:Nushagak, Alaska|Nushagak]] by Russian-Greek Orthodox Church.<ref name=Alaskool>''[http://www.alaskool.org/cgi-bin/java/interactive/timelineframe.html Alaska Native History - Timeline - Alaskool].'' Alaskool (Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage). Retreived: 2013-10-06.</ref>
-*1844 Formation of [[seminary]] in Sitka.
+*1844 Formation of [[seminary]] in Sitka.<ref group="note">In 1844, St. Innocent (Veniaminov) organized the first Orthodox theological school in North America at Sitka, inaugurating a golden age of Orthodox educational ministry and mission in Alaska. This lasted until the catastrophe of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, when the last Russian-sponsored parochial school in Alaska closed.<br>
 *1845 Former Republic of Texas joins United States.
 *1846 Pacific Northwest received by United States via treaty with United Kingdom.
@@ Line 33: / Line 34: @@
 *1864 [http://holytrinitycathedral.org/history.html Holy Trinity Church], first Orthodox [[parish]] established on United States soil in New Orleans, Louisiana, by Greeks.
 *1865 First [[Divine Liturgy]] celebrated in New York City, by Fr. [[Agapius Honcharenko]].
-*1867 Alaska purchased by United States from Russia; Bp. [[Paul (Popov) of Novoarkhangelsk|Paul (Popov)]] succeeds Bp. Peter.
+*1867 Alaska purchased by United States from Russia;<ref group="note">[[October 18]] is now celebrated as "[[Alaska Day]]."</ref> Bp. [[Paul (Popov) of Novoarkhangelsk|Paul (Popov)]] succeeds Bp. Peter.
 *1868 First Russian parish established in US territory in San Francisco, California; [[Innocent of Alaska]] becomes Metropolitan of Moscow.
 *1870 Diocese of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska formed by the [[Church of Russia]] with Bp. [[John (Mitropolsky) of the Aleutians|John (Mitropolsky)]] as ruling hierarch; [[Nicholas Bjerring]], a Roman Catholic layman, converts to Orthodoxy and becomes priest of a Russian chapel in New York City.

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 *1799 Ioasaph (Bolotov) [[consecration of a bishop|consecrated]] in Irkutsk as first [[bishop]] for Alaska, but dies in a shipwreck during his return.
 *1803 Louisiana Purchase expands American territory beyond Mississippi River.
 *1816 Martyrdom of [[Peter the Aleut]] near San Francisco.
 *1817 Russian colony of Fort Ross established 60 miles from San Francisco.
@@ Line 18: / Line 19: @@
 *1825 First native priest, [[Jacob Netsvetov]].
 *1834 Fr. [[Innocent of Alaska|John Veniaminov]] moves to Sitka, Alaska; liturgy and catechism translated into Aleut.
-*1830 Saints Peter and Paul Russian Orthodox Church is founded on [[w:Saint Paul Island (Alaska)|Saint Paul Island (Alaska)]], in the Bering Sea.
+*1830 Saints Peter and Paul Russian Orthodox Church is founded on [[w:Saint Paul Island (Alaska)|Saint Paul Island (Alaska)]], in the Bering Sea.<ref>''[http://oca.org/parishes/oca-ak-stpspp SS. Peter and Paul Church].'' Orthodox Church in America (OCA) - Parishes. Retrieved: 2013-10-06.</ref>
 *1836 Imperial ''[[ukaz]]'' regarding Alaskan education issued from Czar Nicholas I that students were to become faithful members of the Orthodox Church, loyal subjects of the Czar, and loyal citizens; Fr. John Veniaminov returns to Russia.
 *1837 Death of [[Herman of Alaska]] on Spruce Island.
 *1840 Consecration of Fr. [[Innocent of Alaska|John Veniaminov]] as [[bishop]] with the name Innocent.
 *1841 Return of [[Innocent of Alaska]] to Sitka; sale of Fort Ross property to an American citizen; pastoral school established in Sitka.
 *1844 Formation of [[seminary]] in Sitka.
 *1845 Former Republic of Texas joins United States.

@@ Line 106: / Line 106: @@
 *1961 Consecration of [[Michael (Shaheen) of Toledo]]; first ever visit of a Greek Orthodox Patriarch to Canada, as Patr. [[Benedict of Jerusalem]] begins a North-American tour to raise funds for the restoration of the shrines in the [[Holy Land]].
 *1962 Antiochian Toledo archdiocese recognized by the [[Church of Antioch]] as equal to the New York archdiocese.
-*1963 Autonomous Serbian diocese created; [[All-American_Sobor#Eleventh_All-America_Sobor|11th All-American Sobor]] held in New York City; beginning of rapprochement between Metropolia and Moscow Patriarchate; arguing that the Metropolia's 1924 declaration of "temporary self-government" amounted to a canonical declaration of [[autocephaly]], ''Toward an American Orthodox Church'' published by St. Vladimir's professor Alexander Bogolepov, galvanizing the Metropolia to seek autocephaly; Abp. [[Iakovos (Coucouzis) of America|Iakovos (Coucouzis)]] vigorously supported the passage of the [[w:Civil Rights Act of 1964|Civil Rights Act of 1964]] that was introduced by President John F. Kennedy in his civil rights speech of June 11, 1963.
+*1963 Autonomous Serbian diocese created; [[All-American_Sobor#Eleventh_All-America_Sobor|11th All-American Sobor]] held in New York City; beginning of rapprochement between Metropolia and Moscow Patriarchate; arguing that the Metropolia's 1924 declaration of "temporary self-government" amounted to a canonical declaration of [[autocephaly]], ''Toward an American Orthodox Church'' published by St. Vladimir's professor Alexander Bogolepov, galvanizing the Metropolia to seek autocephaly; Abp. [[Iakovos (Coucouzis) of America|Iakovos (Coucouzis)]] vigorously supported the passage of the [[w:Civil Rights Act of 1964|Civil Rights Act of 1964]] that was introduced by President John F. Kennedy in his civil rights speech of June 11, 1963; the United States Supreme Court handed down a landmark ruling that ended government-sponsored prayer in American public schools (Abington School District v. Schempp).
 *1964 [[Bulgarian Diocese in Exile]] established under the [[ROCOR]].
 *1965 [[SCOBA]] appeals to mother churches to allow concrete steps to be taken toward American Orthodox unity; at [[All-American_Sobor#Twelfth_All-American_Sobor|12th All-American Sobor]], [[Ireney (Bekish) of New York|Ireney (Bekish)]] chosen to succeed [[Leonty (Turkevich) of New York|Leonty (Turkevich)]] as [[primate]] of [[OCA|Metropolia]]; North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation founded; Abp. [[Iakovos (Coucouzis) of America|Iakovos (Coucouzis)]] marched next to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in the [[w:Selma to Montgomery marches |Selma to Montgomery marches]], captured on the cover of LIFE Magazine, March 26, 1965.

@@ Line 154: / Line 154: @@
 *2008 [[Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem in North and South America|Jerusalem jurisdiction]] transferred to [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|Greek Archdiocese]], forming [[Vicariate for Palestinian-Jordanian Communities in the USA|Vicariate for Palestinian/Jordanian Communities in the USA]]; Metr. [[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York|Herman (Swaiko)]] retired by OCA amidst financial scandal; [[Jonah (Paffhausen) of Washington and New York|Jonah (Paffhausen)]] elected primate of OCA; [[All-American Council#Fifteenth All-American Council|Fifteenth All-American Council]] held in Pittsburgh, PA.
 *2009 [[Church of Georgia]] names Metr. [[Dimitri (Shiolashvili) of Batumi and Lazeti]] as bishop for North America; visit of Abp. [[Demetrios (Trakatellis) of America|Demetios (Trakatellis)]] to [[ROCOR]] headquarters, the first visit of a Greek archbishop in more than 40 years; [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center|OCMC]] opens training center; Fourth Pre-Conciliar Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland mandates "Episcopal Assemblies" for various regions of the world, including North America; OCA reestablishes dioceses for [[Diocese of Washington (OCA)|Washington]] and [[Diocese of New York and New Jersey (OCA)|New York and New Jersey]]; visit to US of Ecumenical Patr. [[Bartholomew I (Archontonis) of Constantinople|Batholomew I (Archontonis)]].
-*2010 Consecration of Bp. [[Michael (Dahulich) of New York]]; formation of [[Episcopal Assembly of North and Central America]]; [[ROCOR]] marks its 90th anniversary; the Ministry of Education of the Hellenic Republic formally recognized [[St. Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary (South Canaan, Pennsylvania)]] as an accredited institution of Higher Education, equal in standing to the schools of theology in the universities of Greece and the EU’s member states; [[Toronto Orthodox Theological Academy (Toronto, Ontario)]] and [[w:Saint Paul University|Saint Paul Catholic Pontifical University]] in Ottawa sign cooperation agreement as twin institutions within the Province of Ontario.<ref>Pravoslavie.ru. ''[http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/43542.htm Toronto Orthodox Theological Academy & Saint Paul University sign cooperation agreement].'' 16/12/2010.</ref><ref group="note">[[w:Saint Paul University|Saint Paul University]] in Ottawa is the home of the the ''"[http://www.sheptytskyinstitute.ca/?page_id=2 Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Institute of Eastern Christian Studies]",'' named after the primate of the Ukrainian Catholic Church, [[w:Andrey Sheptytsky|Andrey Sheptytsky]] (1865-1944); it specializes in Eastern Christian Studies with special but not exclusive emphasis on the tradition of the [[Christianization of Kievan Rus'|Church of Kyiv]].</ref>
+*2010 Consecration of Bp. [[Michael (Dahulich) of New York]]; formation of [[Episcopal Assembly of North and Central America]], with 55 Bishops in attendance; [[ROCOR]] marks its 90th anniversary; the Ministry of Education of the Hellenic Republic formally recognized [[St. Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary (South Canaan, Pennsylvania)]] as an accredited institution of Higher Education, equal in standing to the schools of theology in the universities of Greece and the EU’s member states; [[Toronto Orthodox Theological Academy (Toronto, Ontario)]] and [[w:Saint Paul University|Saint Paul Catholic Pontifical University]] in Ottawa sign cooperation agreement as twin institutions within the Province of Ontario.<ref>Pravoslavie.ru. ''[http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/43542.htm Toronto Orthodox Theological Academy & Saint Paul University sign cooperation agreement].'' 16/12/2010.</ref><ref group="note">[[w:Saint Paul University|Saint Paul University]] in Ottawa is the home of the the ''"[http://www.sheptytskyinstitute.ca/?page_id=2 Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky Institute of Eastern Christian Studies]",'' named after the primate of the Ukrainian Catholic Church, [[w:Andrey Sheptytsky|Andrey Sheptytsky]] (1865-1944); it specializes in Eastern Christian Studies with special but not exclusive emphasis on the tradition of the [[Christianization of Kievan Rus'|Church of Kyiv]].</ref>
-*2011 Second gathering of the [[Episcopal Assembly of North and Central America]], convened May 25-27 in Chicago; The [[All-American Council|Sixteenth All-American Council]] of the OCA was held in Bellevue, Washington; For the first time in nearly 70 years, the primates and hierarchs of the [[ROCOR and OCA|OCA and ROCOR]] concelebrate the Divine Liturgy.
+*2011 Second gathering of the [[Episcopal Assembly of North and Central America]], convened May 25-27 in Chicago, with 45 Bishops in attendance; [[All-American Council|Sixteenth All-American Council]] of the OCA was held in Bellevue, Washington; For the first time in nearly 70 years, the primates and hierarchs of the [[ROCOR and OCA|OCA and ROCOR]] concelebrate the Divine Liturgy.
-*2012  [[Jonah (Paffhausen) of Washington and New York|Jonah (Paffhausen)]] primate of [[OCA]] requests retirement; [[Tikhon (Mollard) of Washington|Tikhon (Mollard)]] elected primate of OCA at the [[All-American_Council#Seventeenth_All-American_Council|17th All-American Council]] held in Parma, Ohio;
+*2012  [[Jonah (Paffhausen) of Washington and New York|Jonah (Paffhausen)]] primate of [[OCA]] requests retirement; [[Tikhon (Mollard) of Washington|Tikhon (Mollard)]] elected primate of OCA at the [[All-American_Council#Seventeenth_All-American_Council|17th All-American Council]] held in Parma, Ohio; Third Annual Meeting of the [[Episcopal Assembly of North and Central America]], from September 10-12, in Chicago, with 43 Bishops in attendance.
 ==See also==
 *[[Timeline of Orthodoxy in Australia]]