https://en.orthodoxwiki.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Vallens&feedformat=atomOrthodoxWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T11:03:59ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Orthodox_Church_in_America&diff=49144Orthodox Church in America2007-03-30T22:09:00Z<p>Vallens: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:OCA logo.jpg|right|The Orthodox Church in America]]<br />
The '''Orthodox Church in America''' (OCA) is an [[autocephaly|autocephalous]] church with parishes mainly in the United States and Canada (though it has some parishes in Australia and elsewhere). The OCA was formerly known as the '''Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church in America''', or more informally, the '''Metropolia'''. Previous to that, it was the North American Diocese of the [[Church of Russia]]. The OCA's autocephaly is not currently recognized by some of the other autocephalous Orthodox churches.<br />
<br />
The current [[primate]] of the OCA is His Beatitude [[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York|Herman (Swaiko)]], Archbishop of Washington and New York, and Metropolitan of All America and Canada.<br />
<br />
{{church|<br />
name= Orthodox Church in America|<br />
founder= Ss. [[Herman of Alaska]], [[Innocent of Alaska]], [[Alexis of Wilkes-Barre]]|<br />
independence=1970 ("temporary self-government" in 1924) |<br />
recognition= 1970 by [[Church of Russia]] |<br />
primate=[[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York|Metropolitan Herman]]|<br />
hq=Syosset, New York|<br />
territory=United States and Canada|<br />
possessions= Mexico, South America, Australia|<br />
language=English, [[Church Slavonic]], Spanish|<br />
music=[[Russian Chant]], [[Byzantine Chant]] (in some ethnic dioceses)|<br />
calendar=[[Revised Julian Calendar|Revised Julian]], [[Julian Calendar|Julian]]|<br />
population=30,000 to 1,000,000|<br />
website=[http://www.oca.org/ Orthodox Church in America]<br />
}}<br />
== History ==<br />
''Main Article: [[History of the OCA]]''<br />
<br />
The OCA began with the missionary work of the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church]] in Alaska and the Aleutian Islands by eight Orthodox monks who arrived in Alaska in 1794. They were part of the centuries-old missionary heritage of the Russian Orthodox Church that brought the Orthodox Church, by the monks Hourg and Barsanuphii, to the Mongol peoples. And monk St Stephen of Perm (1340-96) who would in turn journey beyond Kazan, across the Ural mountain, into the forests of Siberia to bring Orthodoxy to the pagan Zyrians. And the Russian monks who brought the Church even more eastward, eventually establishing a network of missions across Siberia and along the entire Pacific Rim: in China (1686), Alaska (1794), Japan (1861), and Korea (1898). <br />
<br />
While the Church in Alaska was growing, immigrants were arriving in the rest of North America. In the 1860s a parish was established in San Francisco by Serbians, Russians and Greeks. Parishes were also established across the territory of the United States. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the headquarters of the North American Diocese was moved to San Francisco and then to New York. At this time there were great waves of Orthodox immigrants from Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe, and the Middle East. But, regardless of ethnic background, they were all united in a single [[diocese]], or [[jurisdiction]], which was under the Russian Orthodox Church. <br />
<br />
In 1917, the Bolshevik Revolution brought communication between the churches in North America and Russia to an almost complete halt. In the early 1920s, Patriarch [[Tikhon of Moscow]] directed all Russian Orthodox churches outside of Russia to govern themselves autonomously until regular communication could be resumed. (He died in 1925, and was glorified as a [[saint]] by the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church]] in 1989.) Shortly thereafter, at a Council of all hierarchs and clergy and parish delegates, it was decided that the Church in North America could no longer maintain strict administrative ties with the Church in Russia, especially since Patriarch Tikhon had been arrested. Additionally, the loss of financial support from the fallen empire added to the diocese's problems.<br />
<br />
At that time, some parishes which had been part of a single, multi-ethnic, North American [[diocese]] organized separate dioceses and placed themselves under various other [[mother church]]es, solidifying the current situation of multiple, ethnically-based, overlapping, jurisdictions in North America. Though the revolution in Russia helped to speed this fragmentation process along, it had already been occurring prior to 1917, as hundreds of Orthodox parishes in the US had been founded without any reference to the Russian presence, whose authority was not universally acknowledged.<br />
<br />
From that point until the restoration of relations with Moscow in the 1960s, the Metropolia entered twice into union with the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]] (see [[ROCOR and OCA]]), finally breaking with the latter body in 1946. Additionally, in 1927, the bishops of the Metropolia attempted to create an autocephalous body known as the [[American Orthodox Catholic Church]], which failed after only six years. <br />
<br />
In the early 1960s, the Metropolia (as it was then known) resumed communication with the Patriarch of Moscow, and in 1970 full communion was restored. At that time, the Patriarch of Moscow officially granted the OCA [[autocephaly]], or self-governing administrative status. The OCA's autocephaly is not currently recognized by all autocephalous Orthodox Churches, including the [[Church of Constantinople]]. Churches that do recognize its autocephaly are mainly those in former Communist lands (most of which had thus come under the influence of the Church of Russia), including the [[Church of Russia]], the [[Church of Bulgaria]], the [[Church of Poland]], the [[Church of Georgia]], and the [[Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia]]. According to apologists for OCA autocephaly, it is common for recognition of autocephaly to be granted belatedly; however opponents regard the grant as not being within the purview of Moscow's [[presbeia|prerogatives]] (see [[Byzantine response to OCA autocephaly]]).<br />
<br />
=== List of primates and ruling bishops===<br />
[[Image:Raphel Platon Alexander.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Bishops [[Raphael of Brooklyn|St. Raphel]], [[Platon (Rozhdestvensky) of New York|Platon]], and [[Alexander (Nemolovsky) of Brussels|Alexander]]]]<br />
* Bishop [[Joasaph (Bolotov) of Kodiak|Joasaph (Bolotov)]] ''Bishop of Kodiak Auxiliary of the Irkutsk Diocese'' (1799)<br />
* Bishop [[Innocent of Alaska|Innocent (Veniaminov)]] ''of Alaska'' <br />
** ''Bishop of Kamchatka, the Kurile and Aleutian Islands'' (1840-50)<br />
** ''Archbishop of Kamchatka, the Kurile and Aleutian Islands'' (1850-68)<br />
* Bishop [[Peter (Ekaterinovsky) of Novoarkhangelsk|Peter (Ekaterinovsky)]] ''Bishop of Novoarkhangelsk (Sitka) Auxiliary of the Kamchatka Diocese'' (1859-66)<br />
* Bishop [[Paul (Popov) of Novoarkhangelsk|Paul (Popov)]] ''Bishop of Novoarkhangelsk (Sitka), Auxiliary of the Kamchatka Diocese'' (1866-70)<br />
* Bishop [[John (Mitropolsky) of the Aleutians|John (Mitropolsky)]] ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1870-77)<br />
* Bishop [[Nestor (Zakkis) of the Aleutians|Nestor (Zakkis)]] ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1878-82)<br />
* Bishop [[Vladimir (Sokolovsky-Avtonomov) of the Aleutians|Vladimir (Sokolovsky-Avtonomov)]] ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1887-91)<br />
* Bishop [[Nicholas (Adoratsky) of the Aleutians|Nicholas (Adoratsky)]] ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1891)<br />
* Bishop [[Nicholas (Ziorov) of Warsaw|Nicholas (Ziorov)]] ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1891-98)<br />
* Bishop [[Tikhon of Moscow|Tikhon (Belavin)]] ''of Moscow''<br />
** ''Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska'' (1898-1900)<br />
** ''Bishop of the Aleutians and North America'' (1900-05)<br />
** ''Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America'' (1905-07)<br />
* Archbishop [[Platon (Rozhdestvensky) of New York|Platon (Rozhdestvensky)]] ''Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America'' (1907-14)<br />
* Archbishop [[Evdokim (Meschersky) of the Aleutians|Evdokim (Meschersky)]] ''Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America'' (1914-18)<br />
* Archbishop [[Alexander (Nemolovsky) of Brussels|Alexander (Nemolovsky)]] ''Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America'' (1919-22)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Platon (Rozhdestvensky) of New York|Platon (Rozhdestvensky)]] ''Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1922-34)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Theophilus (Pashkovsky) of San Francisco|Theophilus (Pashkovsky)]] ''Archbishop of San Francisco, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1934-50)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Leonty (Turkevich) of New York|Leonty (Turkevich)]] ''Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1950-65)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Ireney (Bekish) of New York|Ireney (Bekish)]] ''Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1965-77)<br />
* Archbishop [[Sylvester (Haruns) of Montreal|Sylvester (Haruns)]] ''Archbishop of Montreal and Canada, Temporary Administrator of the Orthodox Church in America'' (1974-77)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Theodosius (Lazor) of Washington|Theodosius (Lazor)]]<br />
** ''Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1977-80)<br />
** ''Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (1981-2002)<br />
* Metropolitan [[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York|Herman (Swaiko)]]<br />
** ''Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (2002-2005)<br />
** ''Archbishop of Washington and New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada'' (2005-Present)<br />
<br />
== The OCA today ==<br />
[[Image:OCA chancery.jpg|right|350px|thumb|The OCA chancery, Oyster Bay Cove (Syosset), New York]]<br />
In the United States, there are 12 dioceses and 623 parishes, missions, and institutions (456 of which are parishes). The ethnic dioceses extend into Canada, which also has one non-ethnic archdiocese. Altogether there are 91 Canadian parishes. The OCA has a Mexican Exarchate with nine parishes and missions, and there are five parishes in South America. In addition, there are two [[Parishes in Australia (OCA)|parishes in Australia]] under the OCA's canonical protection, one in Queensland and one in New South Wales. <br />
<br />
There are three ethnically defined dioceses in the OCA: the Albanian (14 parishes), Bulgarian (19 parishes) and Romanian (92 parishes). These dioceses' geographic territory overlaps with the other dioceses of the OCA and they have under their care parishes with those ethnic associations. These dioceses are the result of smaller ethnic [[jurisdiction]]s joining the OCA at some point in its history, usually after having broken from other bodies.<br />
<br />
The OCA also has 27 monastic communities, six of which fall under the direct jurisdiction of the Metropolitan (i.e., are [[stavropigial]]). The largest of these monasteries are [[New Skete (Cambridge, New York)]] and [[St. Tikhon's Orthodox Monastery (South Canaan, Pennsylvania)]].<br />
<br />
There are three [[seminary|seminaries]] operated by the OCA: [[St. Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary (South Canaan, Pennsylvania)|St. Tikhon's Orthodox Theological Seminary]] (founded 1937), [[St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary (Crestwood, New York)|St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary]] (founded 1938), and [[St. Herman's Orthodox Theological Seminary (Kodiak, Alaska)|St. Herman's Orthodox Theological Seminary]] (founded 1973). All three educate seminarians from multiple Orthodox jurisdictions, including those outside North America.<br />
<br />
The OCA is a member of the [[Standing Conference of the Canonical Orthodox Bishops in the Americas]] (SCOBA).<br />
<br />
Since November of 2005, when a list of accusations were brought forward by Protodeacon Eric Wheeler, the former treasurer of the OCA, its administration has been the subject of allegations of financial misconduct. Internal investigations, audits, and other actions have since then been enacted in an attempt to address the allegations, including the firing of the OCA chancellor, Protopresbyter [[Robert S. Kondratick]]. The [http://www.ocanews.org/ OCA News] website, a privately operated site with no connection to the administration, has been publishing reports and editorials on the scandal since January of 2006, including allegations of division within the OCA's holy synod.<br />
<br />
===Growth and membership figures===<br />
Altogether, estimates of OCA faithful number from about 28,000[http://www.oca.org/PDF/Evangelization/2004.Parish-Revitalization-notes.pdf] to 1 million[http://www.cnewa.org/ecc-bodypg.aspx?eccpageID=27] to 2 million[http://www.aidsfaith.com/articles/denom.asp], depending on the report cited and method used for counting. The number of new parishes founded from 1990 to 2000 increased the overall parish number by about 12%, and new membership has been fairly equally divided between new immigrants, children of existing members, and converts to the faith. Overall, according to one report the trend during that decade held the population of OCA faithful in neither increase nor decline, but remaining steady.[http://hirr.hartsem.edu/research/tab2.pdf] According to another, however, that same decade saw a 13% decline.[http://www.oca.org/PDF/Evangelization/2004.Parish-Revitalization-notes.pdf]<br />
<br />
{{orthodoxyinamerica}}<br />
<br />
According to Fr. Jonathan Ivanoff, who is on the administrative committee of the OCA's Department of Evangelization and the board of directors of the [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center]], the OCA's American contintental membership (i.e., not including Alaska, Canada, or the ethnic dioceses) "has been declining between 6 and 9% for nearly 20 years. The OCA's Census population in 1994 was 29,775; in 2004 it stood at 27,169."[http://www.oca.org/PDF/Evangelization/2004.Parish-Revitalization-notes.pdf] Despite these sobering figures, however, the OCA's dioceses of the West and South, as well as many parishes in other dioceses, have reported steady growth.<br />
<br />
==Name==<br />
According to Bishop [[Tikhon (Fitzgerald) of San Francisco and Los Angeles]], the name of this jurisdiction is ''The Orthodox Church in America'', and its acronym should be ''TOCA''.[https://listserv.indiana.edu/cgi-bin/wa-iub.exe?A2=ind0504c&L=orthodox&F=&S=&P=4840] There has not yet been any official announcement from the central administration of the church, however, and the former uses (''Orthodox Church in America'' and ''OCA'') remain the most common both within and outside the jurisdiction.<br />
<br />
According to the 1970 ''Tomos of Autocephaly'' granted by the [[Church of Russia]], the name of this church body was originally ''The Autocephalous Orthodox Church in America''.[http://www.oca.org/DOCtomos.asp?SID=12] According to the Statute of the Orthodox Church in America, adopted by the Second All-American Council in October 1971, the usage is ''The Orthodox Church in America'' at the beginning of sentences[http://oca.org/DOCstatute.asp?SID=12&ID=1] and ''the Orthodox Church in America'' in the middle of sentences[http://www.oca.org/DOCstatute.asp?SID=12&ID=4], thus seeming to imply that the capitalization of ''the'' in the name is not vital.<br />
<br />
==Episcopacy==<br />
===Diocesan bishops===<br />
* Most Blessed [[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York|Herman (Swaiko)]], Archbishop of [[Diocese of Washington and New York (OCA)|Washington and New York]], Metropolitan of All America and Canada, [[locum tenens]] of the [[Diocese of the West (OCA)|Diocese of the West]]<br />
* Most Reverend [[Kyrill (Yonchev) of Pittsburgh|Kyrill (Yonchev)]], Archbishop of Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania and the [[Bulgarian Diocese (OCA)|Bulgarian Diocese]]<br />
* Most Reverend [[Dmitri (Royster) of Dallas|Dmitri (Royster)]], Archbishop of Dallas and the [[Diocese of the South (OCA)|South]], Exarch of [[Exarchate of Mexico (OCA)|Mexico]]<br />
* Most Reverend [[Nathaniel (Popp) of Detroit|Nathaniel (Popp)]], Archbishop of Detroit and the [[Romanian Orthodox Episcopate of America (OCA)|Romanian Episcopate]]<br />
* Most Reverend [[Job (Osacky) of Chicago|Job (Osacky)]], Archbishop of Chicago and the [[Diocese of the Midwest (OCA)|Midwest]]<br />
* Most Reverend [[Seraphim (Storheim) of Ottawa|Seraphim (Storheim)]], Archbishop of Ottawa and [[Archdiocese of Canada (OCA)|Canada]]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Nikolai (Soraich) of Sitka and Anchorage|Nikolai (Soraich)]], Bishop of Sitka, Anchorage and [[Diocese of Alaska (OCA)|Alaska]]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Nikon (Liolin) of Boston|Nikon (Liolin)]], Bishop of Boston, New England and the [[Albanian Archdiocese (OCA)|Albanian Archdiocese]]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Tikhon (Mollard) of Philadelphia|Tikhon (Mollard)]], Bishop of Philadelphia and [[Diocese of Eastern Pennsylvania (OCA)|Eastern Pennsylvania]]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Benjamin (Peterson) of San Francisco|Benjamin (Peterson)]], Bishop of San Francisco and the [[Diocese of the West (OCA)|Diocese of the West]]<br />
<br />
===Auxiliary bishops===<br />
* Right Reverend [[Irineu (Duvlea) of Dearborn Heights|Irineu (Duvlea)]], Bishop of Dearborn Heights and auxiliary to Archbishop [[Nathaniel (Popp) of Detroit]]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Alejo (Pacheco Vera) of Mexico City|Alejo (Pacheco Vera)]], Bishop of Mexico City and auxiliary to Metropolitan [[Herman (Swaiko) of Washington and New York]]<br />
<br />
===Retired bishops===<br />
* Most Blessed [[Theodosius (Lazor) of Washington|Theodosius (Lazor)]], Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada<br />
* Most Reverend [[Peter (L'Huillier) of New York|Peter (L'Huillier)]], Archbishop of New York and New Jersey<br />
* Most Reverend [[Gregory (Afonsky) of Sitka|Gregory (Afonsky)]], Archbishop of Sitka and Alaska<br />
* Right Reverend [[Mark (Forsberg) of Boston|Mark (Forsberg)]], Bishop of Boston<br />
* Most Reverend [[Lazar (Puhalo) of Ottawa|Lazar (Puhalo)]], Archbishop of Ottawa<br />
* Right Reverend [[Tikhon (Fitzgerald) of San Francisco and Los Angeles|Tikhon (Fitzgerald)]], Bishop of San Francisco, Los Angeles and the [http://www.ocadow.org/ West]<br />
* Right Reverend [[Varlaam (Novakshonoff) of Vancouver|Varlaam (Novakshonoff)]], Bishop of Vancouver<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[ROCOR and OCA]]<br />
<br />
{{churches}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.oca.org/ Official Website of the OCA]<br />
** [http://www.oca.org/Docs.asp?ID=157&SID=12 The Road to Autocephaly 1963-1970] Talk given by Dr. Constantine H. Kallaur<br />
** [http://www.oca.org/DOCtomos.asp?SID=12 The Tomos of Autocephaly] Signed in the city of Moscow, [[April 10]], 1970, by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia and the members its Holy Synod.<br />
** [http://www.oca.org/DOCindex-statute.asp?SID=12 The Statute of the Orthodox Church in America]<br />
* [http://www.cnewa.org/ecc-bodypg.aspx?eccpageID=27&IndexView=toc Eastern Christian Churches: OCA] by Ronald Roberson, a Roman Catholic priest and scholar<br />
* [http://www.ocanews.org/ OCANews.org: Orthodox Christians for Accountability], a website critical of the OCA's administration<br />
* [http://www.ocachallenges.org/ OCAchallenges.org], a forum for discussing improvements in the OCA<br />
<BR><br />
<br />
[[Category:Jurisdictions|OCA]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Holy_Trinity&diff=41765Holy Trinity2006-10-28T15:18:40Z<p>Vallens: Capitalized 3rd person pronoun for God</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Rublev Trinity.jpg|right|thumb|300px|The [[Hospitality of Abraham]], an [[Old Testament]] [[type]] of the Holy Trinity.]]<br />
<br />
Orthodox Christians worship the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit&mdash;the '''Holy Trinity''', the one [[God]]. Following the [[Holy Scriptures]] and the [[Church Fathers]], the Church believes that the Trinity is three divine persons (''[[hypostasis|hypostases]]'') who share one essence (''[[ousia]]''). It is paradoxical to believe thus, but that is how God has revealed himself. All three persons are consubstantial with each other, that is, they are of one essence (''[[homoousios]]'') and coeternal. There never was a time when any of the persons of the Trinity did not exist. God is beyond and before time and yet acts within time, moving and speaking within history.<br />
<br />
God is not an impersonal essence or mere "higher power," but rather each of the divine persons relates to mankind personally. Neither is God a simple name for three gods (i.e., polytheism), but rather the Orthodox faith is monotheist and yet [[Triadology|Trinitarian]]. The God of the Orthodox Christian Church is the God of [[Abraham]], [[Isaac]] and [[Jacob]], the '''I AM''' who revealed himself to [[Moses]] in the burning bush.<br />
<br />
The source and unity of the Holy Trinity is the Father, from whom the Son is begotten and also from whom the Spirit proceeds. Thus, the Father is both the ground of unity of the Trinity and also of distinction. To try to comprehend unbegottenness (Father), begottenness (Son), or procession (Holy Spirit) leads to insanity, says the holy [[Gregory the Theologian]], and so the Church approaches God in divine mystery, approaching God [[apophatic theology|apophatically]], being content to encounter God personally and yet realize the inadequacy of the human mind to comprehend Him.<br />
<br />
The primary statement of what the Church believes about God is to be found in the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed]].<br />
<br />
{{stub}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Theology]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Great_Litany&diff=26009Great Litany2006-02-07T03:09:18Z<p>Vallens: </p>
<hr />
<div>Every liturgical service of the Orthodox Church, as well as virtually all [[sacraments]] and special services, start with the '''Great Litany''', sometimes after the reading of [[psalms]]. The petitions of this [[litany]] address the basic and general needs of every community and its members. <br />
<br />
The '''Great Litany''' is called the ‘Litany of Peace’ because the first three petitions all concern peace: <br />
*''“In peace let us pray to the Lord,</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26008Litany2006-02-07T02:59:38Z<p>Vallens: /* Litany for the Catechumens */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir or people sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' ''"Grant it, O Lord,"'' or ''"To Thee, O Lord."''<br />
<br />
Each litany concludes with an exclamation (doxology) said by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]].<br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
The [[Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words ''"In peace, let us pray to the Lord."'' It is typically found near the beginning of services. It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of God's people.<br />
<br />
==Little Litany==<br />
The [[Little Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord,"'' and contains only three petitions.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Supplication]] is characterized by its first petition, ''"Let us complete our prayer unto the Lord,"'' and by its petitions that end with ''"let us ask of the Lord,"'' to which the faithful respond ''"Grant it, O Lord."'' The petitions beseech ("supplicate") the Lord for the spiritual well-being of the faithful. The initial petition may be modified to denote time of day (e.g. ''"Let us complete our evening prayer unto the Lord."''), and therefore the Litany of Supplication may be called the "Evening Litany" or "Morning Litany," depending on the service in which it is said. In the [[Divine Liturgy]], which is considered to be "outside of time," the Litany of Supplication does not denote a time of day.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy'', thus giving it its name of ''Fervent''. It is in this litany that the people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country, and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three. The Augmented Litany may also be "augmented" with special petitions at times of need, such as for peace at times of war, for the health of a graevely-ill parishioner, the blessing of a new [[Marriage]], etc.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Departed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Departed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord, that He might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. It may be inserted into the [[Divine Liturgy]], immediately following the [[Augmented Litany]], especially at funerals and on Soul Saturdays, but also for the newly-departed, however never on a day of the Resurrection (i.e. Paschal-tide & Sundays).<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
The [[Litany for the Catechumens]] contains petitions, offered by the Orthodox faithful, for the [[catechumen|catechumens]] of the Church. These petitions ask the Lord to guide the catechumens in their journey toward "Illumination" in the Orthodox faith. The Litany for the Catechumens is found in the Divine Liturgy, and is immediately followed by the first [[Litany of the Faithful]].<br />
<br />
==Litany of the Faithful==<br />
The first [[Litany of the Faithful]] dismisses the catechumens. At one time it was common for those who were not going to receive the [[Eucharist]] (among them the Catechumens) to move to the back of the church, or leave the building altogether, at the time of the [[Divine_Liturgy#Liturgy_of_the_Faithful|Liturgy of the Faithful]]. The second Litany of the Faithful is usually abbreviated as a [[Little Litany]] when no deacon is serving, but normally contains several petitions from the [[Great Litany]]. The Litanies of the Faithful uniquely contain the exclamation, "Wisdom," just prior to their respective doxologies.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26007Litany2006-02-07T02:58:42Z<p>Vallens: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir or people sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' ''"Grant it, O Lord,"'' or ''"To Thee, O Lord."''<br />
<br />
Each litany concludes with an exclamation (doxology) said by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]].<br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
The [[Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words ''"In peace, let us pray to the Lord."'' It is typically found near the beginning of services. It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of God's people.<br />
<br />
==Little Litany==<br />
The [[Little Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord,"'' and contains only three petitions.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Supplication]] is characterized by its first petition, ''"Let us complete our prayer unto the Lord,"'' and by its petitions that end with ''"let us ask of the Lord,"'' to which the faithful respond ''"Grant it, O Lord."'' The petitions beseech ("supplicate") the Lord for the spiritual well-being of the faithful. The initial petition may be modified to denote time of day (e.g. ''"Let us complete our evening prayer unto the Lord."''), and therefore the Litany of Supplication may be called the "Evening Litany" or "Morning Litany," depending on the service in which it is said. In the [[Divine Liturgy]], which is considered to be "outside of time," the Litany of Supplication does not denote a time of day.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy'', thus giving it its name of ''Fervent''. It is in this litany that the people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country, and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three. The Augmented Litany may also be "augmented" with special petitions at times of need, such as for peace at times of war, for the health of a graevely-ill parishioner, the blessing of a new [[Marriage]], etc.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Departed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Departed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord, that He might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. It may be inserted into the [[Divine Liturgy]], immediately following the [[Augmented Litany]], especially at funerals and on Soul Saturdays, but also for the newly-departed, however never on a day of the Resurrection (i.e. Paschal-tide & Sundays).<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
The [[Litany for the Catechumens]] contains petitions, offered by the Orthodox faithful, for the [[catechumens]] of the Church. These petitions ask the Lord to guide the catechumens in their journey toward "Illumination" in the Orthodox faith. The Litany for the Catechumens is found in the Divine Liturgy, and is immediately followed by the first [[Litany of the Faithful]].<br />
<br />
==Litany of the Faithful==<br />
The first [[Litany of the Faithful]] dismisses the catechumens. At one time it was common for those who were not going to receive the [[Eucharist]] (among them the Catechumens) to move to the back of the church, or leave the building altogether, at the time of the [[Divine_Liturgy#Liturgy_of_the_Faithful|Liturgy of the Faithful]]. The second Litany of the Faithful is usually abbreviated as a [[Little Litany]] when no deacon is serving, but normally contains several petitions from the [[Great Litany]]. The Litanies of the Faithful uniquely contain the exclamation, "Wisdom," just prior to their respective doxologies.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26003Litany2006-02-06T19:41:42Z<p>Vallens: /* Litany of Fervent Supplication */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies ''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or the [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir, or people, sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' or, ''"Grant this, O Lord."'' <br />
<br />
Each of litany concludes with an exclamation by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]]. <br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
The [[ Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words ''"In peace, let us pray to the Lord."'' It is typically found near the beginning of services. It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of various groups.<br />
<br />
==Small Litany==<br />
The [[Small Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord."'' It contains three petitions. <br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy''. Hence the name "''Fervent'' Supplication." It is through this litany that people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Reposed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Reposed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord that he might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. <br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26002Litany2006-02-06T19:38:54Z<p>Vallens: /* Great Litany */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies ''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or the [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir, or people, sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' or, ''"Grant this, O Lord."'' <br />
<br />
Each of litany concludes with an exclamation by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]]. <br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
The [[ Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words ''"In peace, let us pray to the Lord."'' It is typically found near the beginning of services. It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of various groups.<br />
<br />
==Small Litany==<br />
The [[Small Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord."'' It contains three petitions. <br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy''.<br />
<br />
This litany is the one through which the people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Reposed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Reposed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord that he might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. <br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26001Litany2006-02-06T19:35:45Z<p>Vallens: /* Great Litany */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies ''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or the [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir, or people, sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' or, ''"Grant this, O Lord."'' <br />
<br />
Each of litany concludes with an exclamation by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]]. <br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
The [[ Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words "In peace, let us pray to the Lord." It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of various groups.<br />
<br />
==Small Litany==<br />
The [[Small Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord."'' It contains three petitions. <br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy''.<br />
<br />
This litany is the one through which the people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Reposed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Reposed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord that he might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. <br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Litany&diff=26000Litany2006-02-06T19:34:58Z<p>Vallens: /* Augmented Litany */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Litanies ''' - a prayerful sequence of supplications which are intoned by a [[deacon]] or the [[priest]] in the name of all those praying. After each petition the choir, or people, sing, ''"Lord, have mercy,"'' or, ''"Grant this, O Lord."'' <br />
<br />
Each of litany concludes with an exclamation by the priest glorifying the [[Holy Trinity]]. <br />
<br />
==Great Litany==<br />
[[ Great Litany]], or Litany of Peace, begins with the words "In peace, let us pray to the Lord." It contains many different petitions for prosperity and salvation of various groups.<br />
==Small Litany==<br />
The [[Small Litany]] is a shortened form of the Great Litany. It begins with the words: ''"Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord."'' It contains three petitions. <br />
==Augmented Litany==<br />
The [[Augmented Litany]] is so called because it consists of the petitions contained in the [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]], ''augmented'' by two petitions at the beginning: ''"Let us say with all our soul and with all our mind, let us say:"'' and ''"O Lord Almighty, the God of our Fathers, we pray Thee, hearken and have mercy."'' The responses to these augmented petitions, unlike those taken from the Litany of Fervent Supplication, consist of a single ''"Lord have mercy,"'' instead of three.<br />
<br />
==Litany of Fervent Supplication==<br />
The [[Litany of Fervent Supplication]] is characterized by the three-fold ''Lord, have mercy''.<br />
<br />
This litany is the one through which the people pray for their own particular needs, as well as those of the entire Church, their neighbors, their country and the entire world.<br />
<br />
==Litany for the Reposed==<br />
The [[Litany for the Reposed]] is composed of entreaties to the Lord that he might grant rest in the Heavenly Kingdom to the souls of the departed by forgiving them all their sins. <br />
==Litany for the Catechumens==<br />
{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Liturgics]]<br />
[[Category:Hymnography]]</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vallens&diff=15697User talk:Vallens2005-06-26T00:43:47Z<p>Vallens: /* Tikhonite? */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Welcome}} —[[User:Magda|magda]] 00:17, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)<br />
<br />
== Tikhonite? ==<br />
<br />
Is this the recently graduated Dcn. Alexander Vallens of St. Tikhon's? If so, hello! (If not, hello anyway!) &mdash;[[User:ASDamick|{{User:ASDamick/sig}}]] 07:25, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Yessir. Oh, and hi back!<br />
--[[User:Vallens|Vallens]] 20:43, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vallens&diff=6352User talk:Vallens2005-06-26T00:43:15Z<p>Vallens: /* Tikhonite? */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Welcome}} —[[User:Magda|magda]] 00:17, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)<br />
<br />
== Tikhonite? ==<br />
<br />
Is this the recently graduated Dcn. Alexander Vallens of St. Tikhon's? If so, hello! (If not, hello anyway!) &mdash;[[User:ASDamick|{{User:ASDamick/sig}}]] 07:25, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Yessir. Oh, and hi back!</div>Vallenshttps://en.orthodoxwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Orthodox_Church_in_America&diff=6322Talk:Orthodox Church in America2005-06-25T04:13:50Z<p>Vallens: Autocephaly/Autonomy in 1924</p>
<hr />
<div>I think it's a little late for a name change, but we'll see what Syosset does! [[User:FrJohn|Fr. John]]<br />
<br />
: Yeah, exactly. I figured it was worth a mention since one of the OCA's bishops was saying this, but I've not yet seen anything from Syosset about this. --[[User:ASDamick|Rdr. Andrew]] 21:19, 20 Apr 2005 (CDT)<br />
<br />
== Diocesan changes ==<br />
<br />
Reflected the merger of Washington with New York and New Jersey and the retirement of Archbishop Peter. Perhaps someone better at Wiki programming can review to make certain I didn't make any mistakes? The source is as follows, read down after the selection of Archimandrite Alejo as bisop-elect of the Mexican Exarchate:<br />
<br />
http://www.oca.org/news.asp?ID=769&SID=19<br />
<br />
[[User:Eddieuny|Ed Unneland]] 17:54, 2 May 2005 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Eastern Pennsylania ==<br />
Here's the source for the news of the election of Bishop Tikhon (Mollard):<br />
<br />
http://www.oca.org/news.asp?ID=794&SID=19<br />
<br />
[[User:Eddieuny|Ed Unneland]] 03:50 , 30 May 2005 (UTC)<br />
<br />
<br />
==TOCA/OCA==<br />
The citation from the statute is correct in terms of the official name, but the same statute also makes reference to ''the Orthodox Church in America'' without capitalizing the "t" in "the".[http://www.oca.org/DOCstatute.asp?SID=12&ID=4]<br />
<br />
Honestly, I think that Bp. Tikhon is out on his own on this one. --[[User:ASDamick|{{User:ASDamick/sig}}]] 15:17, 1 Jun 2005 (CDT)<br />
<br />
== Autocephaly/Autonomy in 1924 ==<br />
<br />
The implication in the timeline, that the OCA proclaimed its "Autocephaly/Autonomy" in 1924, is a bit misleading. Although it is true that the Metropolia "broke administrative ties" with Moscow at this time, this by no means implies that they were proclaiming ecclesiastical autocephaly or autonomy. Those actions were intended as a temporary reaction to the turmoil in Russia, not a permament and canonically binding ecclesiastical declaration. The OCA's present status was not a unilateral declaration, as most of the more recent autocephalies were, rather was ''negotiated'' with the Patriarchate of Moscow prior to the official declaration in April of 1970 by the Church of Russia.<br />
<br />
--[[User:Vallens|Vallens]] 00:13, 25 Jun 2005 (EDT)</div>Vallens